1. IKI10201: Introduction to Digital Systems Bobby Nazief Semester-I 2005 - 2006 The materials on these slides are adopted from those in CS231’s Lecture Notes at UIUC, which is derived from Howard Huang’s work and developed by Jeff Carlyle.

2. 1 Course Objectives To learn how to design digital circuits – Boolean algebra – Logic gates & digital circuits – Circuit optimization To understand how different digital systems work – Combinatorial circuits – Sequential circuits – Digital components of a computer Today’s – Design process – Data types & representations

3. 2 Analog systems Systems where the information has continuous values. t V

4. 3 Digital systems t V Systems where the information has discrete values: – 0 and 1 – Low and High – False and True – Open and Close –...

5. 4 Designing digital systems Define what the system will do  specification Determine the components of which the system will be built of, and define the interconnection between components to meet the specification  design Construct the system  product

6. 5 Design Representations Behavioral or functional representation – specifies the behavior or the function of a design without any implementation information Structural representation – specifies the implementation of a design in terms of components and their interactions Physical representation – specifies the physical characteristics of the design and can be thought of as a blueprint for manufacturing

7. 6 Example of behavioural rep.: Alarm clock clock process seconds: modulo 60, minutes: modulo 60, hours: modulo 12

8. 7 Example of behavioural rep.: Alarm clock alarm process

9. 8 Example of structural rep.: Alarm clock

10. 9 Example of physical rep.: Alarm clock pcb (printed- circuit board) front view

11. 10 Levels of abstraction IKI10201

12. 11 Design Process 1. Design Specification defines product’s specification/functionality/behavior 2. Library Development defines product’s components 3. Design Synthesis convert specification to structural description 4. Design Analysis verify that the design structure meets specification 5. Documentation prepare documentation for manufacturing 6. Manufacturing

13. 12 CAD Tools 1. Capture and Modelling schematic capture, modelling in hardware description language (HDL) 2. Synthesis logic synthesis, sequential synthesis, behavioral/high-level synthesis 3. Verification and Simulation 4. Physical Design optimize the placement of components & the routing of wires 5. Test Generation

14. 13 Summary Design representations – behavioral, structural, physical Levels of abstraction – transistor, gate, register, processor Design process – specification, library, synthesis, analysis, documentation

15. 14 The Team Lecturer: – Bobby Nazief (nazief@cs.ui.ac.id)nazief@cs.ui.ac.id – Office: Gedung C, room #3211 – Office hours: Wed from after class to 10am – 11am, or later (depending on whether I have meetings or not ) Lab. Coordinator: – Petrus Mursanto (santo@cs.ui.ac.id)santo@cs.ui.ac.id – Office: Gedung A, room #1224 Assistants: –...

16. 15 Resources & Evaluation Books: – Daniel D.Gajski, “Principle of Digital Design”, Prentice Hall, 1997. – Any introductory book to Digital Logic will do. Tools: – MULTISIM: digital system design tool Web Site: – http://www.cs.ui.ac.id/kuliah/IDS-PISIK (to be confirmed later) http://www.cs.ui.ac.id/kuliah/IDS-PISIK Evaluation: – HW/Lab. Assignments:20% – Mid-term Exam:30% – Final Project:20% – Final Exam:30%

17. 16 Road Map Boolean Algebra Logic Gates & Flip-flops Register-Transfer Design Finite-State Machines Binary Systems & Data Represent. Generalized FSM Sequential Design Techniques Logic Design Techniques Combinatorial Components Storage Components Processor Components 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 6 8 8 9

18. 17 Agenda Week#DateTopic 131-Aug1. Introduction 207-Sep 2. Data Types & Representations 314-Sep3a. Boolean Algebra, Canonical & Standard Forms 421-Sep3b. Logic Gates & Implementations 528-Sep4a. K-Map, Map Method 605-Oct4b. Tabulation Methods, Gate Array 712-Oct5a. Adders, Subtractors, Multipliers 819-Oct5b. Logic Unit, ALU, Decoders, Selectors, Encoders, etc. 926-OctMid-Term Exam 02-NovLebaran Holiday 1009-Nov6a. Latches, Flip-flops 1116-Nov6b. Analysis of Sequential Logic 1223-Nov6c. Synthesis of Sequential Logic 1330-Nov7. Storage Components 1407-Dec8. Register-Transfer Design & 9. Processor Design Final Exam