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Published byAsher Eaton Modified over 9 years ago
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The Science of Plant Classification
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GOALS of TAXONOMY IDENTIFY all members of the plant kingdom NAME all plants ARRANGE plants into a HIERARCHY that indicates their TRUE relationship to another
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HISTORY of PLANT CLASSIFICATION ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION NATURAL CLASSIFICATION PHYLOGENTIC CLASSIFICATION
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ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION Form and Use Ancient Greeks THEOPHRASTUS (371-287 BCE) DIOSCORIDES (40-90 CE)
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ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION Middle Ages Monocots vs. dicots Vascular vs. non-vascular Descriptive names Herbalists herbariums
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ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION LINNAEUS (1707-1778 CE) Binomial Nomenclature System based on the flower and sexual parts
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NATURAL CLASSIFICATION System based on MORPHOLOGY of plant parts (shape or form) French Botanists Used today, although not considered “true relationships”, but closer
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PHYLOGENETIC CLASSIFICATION Based on TRUE GENETIC relationships of plants CHARLES DARWIN (1809-1882 CE) Origin of Species (1859) Theory of Evolution explained Natural Selection as a means of adaptation
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TAXONOMY TODAY Made up of NATURAL and PHYLOGENETIC classification Governed by International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) Rules for naming plants Revised as new evidence becomes available Dynamic – ever changing system Based on observations and systematic gathering of evidence
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