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World War I Götterdämmerung. I. Goodbye to All That Causes of the Great War Imperialism Arms race Alliance system Nationalism Robert Graves.

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Presentation on theme: "World War I Götterdämmerung. I. Goodbye to All That Causes of the Great War Imperialism Arms race Alliance system Nationalism Robert Graves."— Presentation transcript:

1 World War I Götterdämmerung

2 I. Goodbye to All That Causes of the Great War Imperialism Arms race Alliance system Nationalism Robert Graves

3 A. Imperial Rivalries Scramble for Africa Treaty Ports

4 B. The Arms Race 1. Mobilization & diplomacy

5 C. The Alliance System 1.(Im)balance of power 1894, Franco-Russian Alliance 1904, Entente-Cordiale “Kaiser Bill”

6 D. National self-determination 1.Pan-Slavism

7 2. Assassination in Sarajevo, June 1914 Gavrilo Princip

8 II. The Guns of August

9 A. The War Europe Expected 1. Industrialized war

10 2. Romantics go to war revanche! nach Paris!

11 3. Rapid mobilization Schlieffen Plan

12 B. The War Europe Got 1.(1 st ) Battle of the Marne Sept 1914

13 Trench warfare

14 2. “They shall not pass” Verdun (1916) = 700,000 The Somme (1916) = 600,000

15 C. “War of the worlds” 1.Monster machines

16 2. Paths of Glory (?)

17 D. Crisis in leadership 1. Political leadership Gallipoli Battle of Jutland

18 2. French Army Mutiny The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power, And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave Awaits alike th' inevitable hour: - The paths of glory lead but to the grave.

19 III. Total War

20 A. Propaganda 1. Recruitment

21 2. Women

22 B. War on civilians 1.The Rape of Belgium Edith Cavell

23 2. Unrestricted submarine warfare 1915, Lusitania neutral rights

24 C. War on dissent 1.Profiteering 2.Socialist critique V. I. Lenin

25 suppression of labor Lloyd George and Clemenceau Sedition Act, 1917 Eugene Debs Irish Easter Rebellion, 1916 I know that I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above. Those that I fight I do not hate, Those that I guard I do not love. W.B. Yeats

26 D. Rebellion 1.Bolshevism 2. Balfour Declaration, 1917 3. Lawrence of Arabia

27 Impact of Total War Erosion of liberalism Totalitarianism/complacence Non-Western nationalism

28 IV. The Aftermath A Lost Generation

29 A. 1917 1.Revolution/fatigue 2.Final gamble

30 B. American involvement 1. U.S. investment 2. U.S. debate W. J. Bryan

31 3. Zimmerman Telegram

32 C. The Progressives’ War 1. U.S. reform 2. 14 Points “Make the world safe for democracy” Woodrow Wilson

33 D. 1918 1. Ludendorff Offensive ( March) Ferdinand Foch 2. German food riots

34 3. Wilhelm II abdicates (November) 4. Ludendorff / Hindenburg November Criminals

35 D. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 1. Diktat - responsibility / reparations 2. League of Nations 3. Reorganized empires - mandates

36 E.Tragedy at Versailles Britain, France not interested in progressive war aims - disillusionment w/ “democracy” US Senate fails to ratify treaty - return to near-isolationism League of Nations too weak to: - contend with Bolshevism in the East - establish new balance of power - rebuild Europe

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