1. Modality & Redundancy eLearning Principles Anne Negus EDTECH 513 Spring 2009

2. Lesson 1: Modality Principle Objectives 1. Define the Modality Principle 2. Describe the learning theory supporting the Modality Principle 3. Describe the psychological reasoning behind the Modality Principle 4. Identify learning situations where the Modality Principle does not apply

3. Lesson 1: Modality Principle Definition On-screen Text Narration

4. Lesson 1: Modality Principle Theory

5. Lesson 1: Modality Principle Psychology COGNITIVE LOAD Graphics & Narration Graphics & Narration & Written Text

6.  Familiarity  Memory Support  Language Familiarity  Printed Words Only Lesson 1: Modality Principle Exceptions Narration On-screen Text

7. Lesson 1: Modality Principle Best Practice GraphicsNarration COGNITIVE LOAD

8. Modality Principle Assessment 1. Define: “Modality Principle”. 2. Describe the learning theory supporting the Modality Principle 3. What is the psychological reason that supports the Modality Principle? 4. List at least two learning situations where the modality principle does not apply

9. Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Objectives 1. Define the Redundancy Principle 2. Describe the learning theory behind Redundancy Principle 3. Describe the psychological reasons for the Redundancy Principle 4. Identify learning situations where narrating on- screen text should be avoided

10. Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Definition Narration On-screen Text Narration OR On-screen Text

11. Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Theory Mental Connection Channel 1: Verbal Channel 2: Visual

12. Animated Graphic Printed Text Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Psychology Narrated Text

13. Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Exceptions Use both text and narration with:  With audio recordings w/no graphic (Podcast)  Complicated technical verbiage  Learning new foreign language  Slowly-paced presentation of material  Learner-controlled presentation of material On-screen Text Narration

14. Lesson 2: Redundancy Principle Assessment 1. Define “Redundancy Principle.” 2. In your own words, explain the learning theory behind Redundancy Principle. 3. In your own words, explain the psychological reasons for the Redundancy Principle. 4. List at least 2 learning situations where narrating on-screen text should be avoided.

15. Resources Modality Redundancy, Questioning Learning Styles Hypothesis – Presentation, Dr. Barbara Schroeder Clark, R. & Mayer, R. (2008). E-Learning and The Science of Instruction, 2 nd Edition. Pfeiffer. Microsoft Clip Art Gallery