1. SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN TURKMENISTAN: PRESENT AND PERSPECTIVES. Dr. Murad Hayitow, Dr. Dovlet Jumakuliyew, Professor of Law, RSEP (Regional Scholar DAAD Alumnus 1996, Exchange Program) Fulbright Alumnus 2004, Alumnus 2002. DAAD Alumnus 2006.

2. State policy in the Science and Educational fields.  The Government of Turkmenistan is a general supervisor of the state policy in the in science and educational fields.  The Supreme Council of Science and Technology under the President of Turkmenistan is the Coordinator of the state policy in the science and educational fields.  (Art.11 at the Law of Turkmenistan ”On State Science and Technology Policy” 1992”).  The President of Turkmenistan is a Head of Supreme Council of Science and Technology of Turkmenistan.  The main science activity realize in the Universities and Institutions.  One of the priority tasks of the science and technology policy is involving the youth to the science and research activity with advantage from the students in the different forms.

3. State policy in the Science and Educational fields.  The Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan is responsible for the realization of Main directions of State educational policy.  The General principles of the Educational policy of Turkmenistan adopted in the National President’s Program “Bilim“ (May 3, 1993).  The Universities and schools are the main clusters for realization of National Program “Bilim“.  The main purpose of Educational policy is to develop of professional level of higher qualified specialists, and maximum combination theory and practice.

4. Normative and Legal base of Science and Educational Development.  The Constitution of Turkmenistan (1992, amended of 2005)  The Law of Turkmenistan ”On State Science and Technology Policy ” (1992).  The Law of Turkmenistan “Оn Science Intellectual activity” (1992)  The Law of Turkmenistan “Оn Education” (1993) ♦ The Constitution of Turkmenistan declared the rights of Citizens for ♦ The Constitution of Turkmenistan declared the rights of Citizens for education. Every Citizen have the right to receive the free education in the education. Every Citizen have the right to receive the free education in the State schools. The State provide access to the Universities and State schools. The State provide access to the Universities and professionals education. The organizations and citizens have the rights professionals education. The organizations and citizens have the rights establish the paid schools according by Turkmen Law. establish the paid schools according by Turkmen Law. ♦♦ The Law of Turkmenistan ”On State Science and Technology Policy ” ♦♦ The Law of Turkmenistan ”On State Science and Technology Policy ” opens perspectives for development science and research activity in the opens perspectives for development science and research activity in the all State and Public fields. Also, this Law provides great opportunities in all State and Public fields. Also, this Law provides great opportunities in choosing its forms. choosing its forms. ♦♦♦ The Law of Turkmenistan “Оn Education” declares common ♦♦♦ The Law of Turkmenistan “Оn Education” declares common secondary education for everybody. The Ministry of Education has secondary education for everybody. The Ministry of Education has special Institute of Education, which responsible for develop special Institute of Education, which responsible for develop curricula, methodological standards for educational system and curricula, methodological standards for educational system and for its expertise. for its expertise.

5. Realization of the State Science and Education Policy. The Supreme Council on Science and Technology under President of Turkmenistan establishes of a scientific and educational network including: - Providing of access to the Internet; - Build up of the ICT potential for a Science and Education; - Development of a network infrastructure; - Transformation of scientific and educational information to the electronic form; - Creation of National scientific and educational information electronic data base; - Supporting of network interaction of the scientific and educational institutions. Cooperation with International programs and organizations:  Project of the NATO science committee “Virtual Silk High Way”  Projects on TACIS – TEMPUS programs  UNDP program – Project “InfoTuk”

6. Realization of the State Science and Education Policy. Results of implementation of the “Virtual Silk High Way” Project in Turkmenistan:   Infrastructure of National scientific and educational network is created   21 Scientific and educational institutions have an access to the Internet   Internet centers for students and teaching staff of the Universities are created and its connected to the Internet   The Central Scientific Library is connected to the network and provides free access for a number of foreign libraries including World Bank library

7. Realization of the State Science and Education Policy

8. Universities and Institutions  There are 16 Universities and Institutions in Turkmenistan: 1. Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly; 2. Turkmen Agricultural University named after S.A.Nyyazov; 3. International Turkmen – Turkish University; 4. Academy of Arts; 5. Academy of Police; 6. Military Institute; 7.Turkmen State Institute of Culture; 8.Turkmen National Institute of World languages; 9.Turkmen Institute of National Economy; 10.Turkmen State Institute of transport and communication; 11.National Institute of sport and tourism; 12.Turkmen State Conservatory; 13.Turkmen State Medical Institute; 14.Turkmen State Pedagogical Institute; 15.Turkmen Polytechnic Institute; 16.Turkmen State Energetically Institute.

9. Priority directions of researches: 1. Humanities: 1. Humanities:  History;  Archeology;  Cultural legacy, etc. 2. Conducting of researches gave opportunity to discover of reach historical ancient of Turkmen people and open such periods as Soltan Sanjar’s Kings, as well as Turkmen historical and cultural heroes Alp Arslan, Bayram-Khan, Garaja-Oglan and others. 2. Conducting of researches gave opportunity to discover of reach historical ancient of Turkmen people and open such periods as Soltan Sanjar’s Kings, as well as Turkmen historical and cultural heroes Alp Arslan, Bayram-Khan, Garaja-Oglan and others.  3. The researches found out the national traditions and customs, history of ancient Turkmen stateness and state’s symbols.

10. Found ancient Turkmen stateness symbols

11. Researches in Humanities Sciences.  The important stage in the development of humanity researches became the International Conference “Ancient Margiana – a New Centre of the World Civilization” conducted on November 14-16, 2006 in one of the oldest city of Central Asia- Mary (Merv)  The participants of the Conference were representatives more than 20 countries from around of the world: USA, Russia, Germany, French, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.  The Supervisor of International Archeology Expedition is the famous Professor of Archeology Victor Sarianidi.  Archeology researches and investigations prove than Margush is the great part of ancient civilizations and world history. Because Margush was largest crossroad of world trading, cultural and other ways in Central Asia civilizations during thousands years.

12. Priority directions in Science and Education. The famous French archaeologist Gerard Fussman is among foreign scientists invited to the Conference scientists invited to the Conference “Ancient Margiana – a New Centre of the World Civilisation” said: of the World Civilisation” said: «Discovering Margiana – one of the main recent events in the world of main recent events in the world of Archaeology»

13. Funding.  The Turkmen State is the main donor of researches in Turkmenistan.  The sources of funding of science and technology are : ♦ Science and technology fund of Turkmenistan; ♦ Science and technology fund of Turkmenistan; ♦ The enterprises, organizations and associations funds. ♦ The enterprises, organizations and associations funds. ♦ International foundations and grants. ♦ International foundations and grants. ♦ Public foundations. ♦ Public foundations.  The important attention by government paid for construction of houses for Universities faculty, leisure and housing of students. For example, on 2005 was built new buildings of Turkmen State Institute of Culture and Academy of Arts.  The new buildings of Turkmen Polytechnic Institute, Turkmen State Institute of Transport and Communication, Turkmen State Medical Institute is planning.  The new complex of Turkmen State University is constructing.  The amount of student’s stipends increased on regular based.  There are 100% of students provided dormitory by the Universities and Institutions. 