1. How do people want to pay for e cosystem and landscape services ? Arianne de Blaeij, Nico Polman and Vincent Linderhof

2. Content: How do people want to pay? Introduction: background of the study Valuation studies Impact governance structures WTP landscape services Choice experiment attributes Preliminary conclusions Schedule of project

3. Introduction: Background Definitions Landscape; an area as perceived by people Ecosystem and landscapes services are benefits for people derived from ecosystems and landscapes (such as climate, timber, recreation, drinking water, etc.) Payments (current issues)

4. Introduction: Background Current situation Often, people do not pay/do not know that they pay for landscape services. Resistance against paying taxes New approach to valuation of ecosystem services Apply new institutional economics to analyze the impact of the payment mechanism in monetary valuation

5. Current valuation literature and alternatives In most valuation studies, the payment mechanism is fixed Alternative methods with focus on the impact of payment vehicle on valuation estimate: Deliberative valuation Post-questionnaire CV studies

6. Impact governance structures WTP landscape serv. Aspects of analysis Voluntary  mandatory schemes Non-paid activities (volunteers) Private services  public services Linking to institutional landscape characteristics (ownership) Linking mechanism  effect

7. Attributes Choice experiment: landscape Property right of landscape Farmers/ Nature Conservation Organization/ government Coherency of landscape Strong coherency/Weak coherency Quality of Nature Good/ Moderate/ poor

8. Attributes Choice experiment; payment mechanism Voluntary of mandatory payment? Frequency of payment: Instant / annually / monthly/ weekly Nature Conservation Organization National / regional / local (private or public) Payment mechanism Tax/ levy/ membership fee/ …

9. Attributes Choice experiment; WTP Willingness to pay (WTP) +10% / +20% / + 30% 10 euro/ 20 euro

10. Preliminary conclusions Are the existing payment mechanisms an obstacle for people to pay for landscape services? Are people willing to pay more when other or adjusted payment mechanisms are introduced? With which payment mechanism can the landscape services be managed in a sustainable way?

11. Schedule of project Paper with literature review (end 2008) Introduction Governance structures and landscape Use of payment vehicles in current (landscape) valuation literature The impact of governance structure on the WTP for landscape services Conclusions Choice experiment (2009)

12. Thank you! © Wageningen UR