1. 12/17 & 12/18 - 7 th Grade Agenda Collect Science Fair Proposal Presentations Mutations and Hybrid Animal Video: Dinosaurs return to life Reminder: Science Fair Background and Material due 1/14 & 1/15

2. What is a allele? One part of a gene pair. Alleles represent different varieties of one trait such as height of pea plant. Two alleles form a gene pair

3. What is a Dominant Allele? One whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present Dominant allele is represented by a CAPITAL letter

4. What is a Recessive Allele? A recessive allele is always covered up or masked whenever the dominant allele is present Recessive allele is represented by a lowercase letter

5. What are Genotype & Phenotype? Phenotype: Physical appearance Genotype: Genetic makeup

6. What is Codominance? The alleles are neither dominant nor recessive

7. What is incomplete dominance? Both alleles are blended in the offspring

8. Human chromosomes Each human body cell contain 23 chromosomes pairs or ____ chromosomes. There are 35,000 genes in the chromosomes The genes are li____ up in the same order on both chromosomes 46 ned

9. Meiosis Meiosis is the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by h____ to form sex cells – spe___ and eggs. alf rm

10. Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II

11. Protein Synthesis Cells use information from a gene on a chrom_________ to produce a specific protein. osome

12. RNA Before protein synthesis can take place a “messe____” carry the genetic code from the DNA inside the nucleus into the cytoplasm. This genetic messenger is called ribonucleic acid or RNA nger

13. RNA

14. DNA vs RNA Master Copy Two Strands Never leave nucleus Copy One Strand Leaves the nucleus DNA RNA

15. Step 1 in Protein Synthesis Messenger RNA Production

16. Step 2 in Protein Synthesis Messenger RNA attaches to a Ribosome

17. Step 3 in Protein Synthesis Transfer RNA attaches to a Messenger RNA

18. Step 4 in Protein Synthesis Protein Grows

19. Mutation

20. Mutation means “cha_____” in Latin Mutation can cause a cell to produce an incorrect pro____ during protein synthesis. As a result, the organism’s trait, or pheno____, may be different from what it normally would have been. nge tein type

21. Hybrid Animals Horse Donkey Mule All male and most female mules are infertile More intelligent than a donkey More endurance than a horse Requires less food than a horse

22. Ligers = Male Lion + Female Tiger

23. More Ligers

24. Tigon = Male Tiger + Female Lion

25. Zorse = Male Zebra + Female Horse

26. Wholphin = Dolphin + False Killer Whale Wholphin False Killer Whale Dolphin

27. Wolfdog = Wolf + dog

28. House Cat + African Cat African Cat

29. Tangelo = Tangerine + Grape Fruit