1. CONCEPTS TO KNOW 1. Geography 1. Geography 2. Ancient Civilizations 3. Religions 4. Wars and Revolutions 5. World Leaders 6. Governments 7. Economies 8. Cultural Diffusion 9. Periods of Change 10. Contemporary Global Problems

2. Human and Physical Geography Culture The entire way of life of a people.

3. Aspects of Culture ClothingLanguageFoodMusicTraditions What we do in our free time

4. Many countries have one distinct culture, some have none. How have many cultures developed? What things shape culture?

5. Environment A persons surroundings GeographyThe study of people and their environment

6. Five Themes of Geography1. Location 2. Place 3. Interaction of people and their environ- their environ- 4. Movement 5. Region

7. 1.LocationWhere a place is on the earths surface Two Typesa. Absolute b. Relative AbsoluteUsing Longitude and Latitude to find places on a map

8. Latitude: Distance measured in degrees north and south of the Equator Longitude: Distance Measured in degrees east and west of the prime meridian Equator: Imaginary line which divides the world into northern and southern Hemispheres

9. Prime Meridianimaginary line which divides the world into eastern and western hemispheres. Using Longitude and Latitude locate the following places; LondonKinshasaSan Diego ParisRabatTokyo RomeDjiboutiBeijing BuffaloBogataCape Town

10. RelativeDescribing where a place is in relation to other places Interaction Between People and Environ Shows how people adapt to an always changing environment

11. Movement Shows the effect of cultures coming in contact with one another. Effect is Cultural Diffusion Cultural Diffusion The mixing of cultures due to contact with one another.

12. Region Area of the world with similar and unifying characteristics Middle East Western Europe East Asia

13. LandformsMountainsDesertsPlainsPlateausRiversHills

14. Types of Maps PoliticalPopulationPhysicalTopographic Natural Resources Satellite Population Shows the pop of an area and pop density Political Shows political boundaries of an area

15. Population Density Area of People Per Square Mile Are we densely populated?

19. TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS 1.DEMOCRACY 2.COMMUNISM 3.FACISM 4.MONARCHY

20. DEMOCRACYGOVERNMENT RUN BY THE PEOPLE TWO TYPESDIRECT DEMOCRACY INDIRECT DEMOCRACY

21. Direct Democracy Every citizen partic directly in decision making RepublicIndirect people elect reps to make decisions for them.

22. Communism Economic and political system where the economy and all other aspects of society are under the control of the government which in turn is controlled by the Communist Party

23. Fascism System of government that demands total obedience to a dictator, uses force and censorship to eliminate opposition, preaches and extreme form of nationalism, and glorifies militarism

24. Monarchy Type of government ruled by a king or queen AbsoluteLimited Two Types

25. Political Terms DictatorTotalitarian Both are similar. Dictator is a rule by one. Totalitarian refers to total control of every aspect of peoples lives.

26. Economic System Way in which a people makes money and the currency system of that people Types of Economies TraditionalCommand Free Market

27. Economic Ideas GlobalizationInterdependence European Union NAFTA IMF WTO What are these?

28. Historical Scources Primary Scource Secondary Source P.S. Ancient Writings Interviews Come from the original person or people

29. S.S.A source that comes second hand. A book written by a historian.

30. adaptation : A change made to survive an environment or to overcome a disadvantage. arable : Land that is able to support the growing of crops. Other Terms To Know

31. archipelago : A group or chain of islands. climate : The average weather in a region.

32. deforestation : The widespread destruction of the world's forests. One of the largest areas of destruction are the tropical rainforests. These forest are cut down for the hardwood lumber, to clear space for farming, for building settlements, and for grazing animals. land bridge desertification : The process in which land slowly dries out until little or no vegetation exists becoming a desert.

33. ethnocentric : A belief in the superiority of a certain ethnic group or race.

34. ethnocentric : A belief in the superiority of a certain ethnic group or race

35. MonotheismBelief in one God PolytheismBelief in many Gods WesternizationThe idea of people adopting more western ideas

36. natural resources : Various materials found in nature used in manufacturing such as wood, coal, and oil.

37. river valley : A valley that is carved out by the river. Often have fertile land, and are the sites for the earliest civilizations.