2. HEAT and COLD STRESS Exposure to extreme heat or cold can make a person seriously ill and even cause death. The likelihood depends on factors such as wind, physical activity, clothing, humidity and age.

3. HEAT RELATED ILLNESS Heat Cramps - The least severe, a first signal that the body is having trouble with heat.Heat Cramps - The least severe, a first signal that the body is having trouble with heat. Painful muscle spasms in the legs and abdomen.Painful muscle spasms in the legs and abdomen. Think of them as a warning of a possible heat-related illness.Think of them as a warning of a possible heat-related illness.

4. Care for Heat Cramps Rest in a cool place.Rest in a cool place. Give them cool water or a commercial sports drink.Give them cool water or a commercial sports drink. Usually rest and fluids is all that is needed.Usually rest and fluids is all that is needed. Lightly stretch and gently massage the muscle.Lightly stretch and gently massage the muscle.

5. HEAT RELATED ILLNESS Heat Exhaustion - More severe than heat cramps. Usually effects people who have to wear heavy clothing in hot and humid work environments.Heat Exhaustion - More severe than heat cramps. Usually effects people who have to wear heavy clothing in hot and humid work environments. Cool, moist, pale or flushed skin.Cool, moist, pale or flushed skin. Headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness and exhaustion.Headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness and exhaustion.

6. HEAT RELATED ILLNESS Heat Stroke- The least common but most severe heat related illness.Heat Stroke- The least common but most severe heat related illness. Usually occurs when people ignore the symptoms of heat exhaustion.Usually occurs when people ignore the symptoms of heat exhaustion. Body systems are overwhelmed by heat and begin to stop functioning.Body systems are overwhelmed by heat and begin to stop functioning. A serious medical emergency-life threatening.A serious medical emergency-life threatening.

7. Symptoms of Heat Stroke Red, hot, dry skin.Red, hot, dry skin. Changes in consciousness.Changes in consciousness. Rapid, weak pulse.Rapid, weak pulse. Shallow breathing.Shallow breathing.

8. CARE FOR HEAT ILLNESS Get victim out of heat.Get victim out of heat. Loosen tight clothing.Loosen tight clothing. Remove perspiration soaked clothing.Remove perspiration soaked clothing. Apply cool, wet cloths to the skin.Apply cool, wet cloths to the skin. Fan the victim.Fan the victim. If conscious, give cool water to drink.If conscious, give cool water to drink. Call an ambulance if they refuse water, vomits or starts to lose consciousness.Call an ambulance if they refuse water, vomits or starts to lose consciousness.

9. COLD RELATED ILLNESS Frostbite - the freezing of body parts exposed to the cold.Frostbite - the freezing of body parts exposed to the cold. Severity depends on temperature, length of exposure and wind.Severity depends on temperature, length of exposure and wind. Can cause loss of fingers, toes, feet and legs.Can cause loss of fingers, toes, feet and legs.

10. Symptoms of Frostbite Lack of feeling in the affected area.Lack of feeling in the affected area. Skin that appears waxy, cold to the touch, or is discolored.Skin that appears waxy, cold to the touch, or is discolored.

11. Care for Frostbite Handle the area gently. Never rub the area. It could cause tissue damage.Handle the area gently. Never rub the area. It could cause tissue damage. Warm area gently by soaking in luke warm water (no hotter than 105°F).Warm area gently by soaking in luke warm water (no hotter than 105°F). Keep area in water until it turns red and feels warm.Keep area in water until it turns red and feels warm. Loosely bandage with sterile bandages.Loosely bandage with sterile bandages.

12. Hypothermia The body cools because its ability to keep warm fails. The victim will die if not given care. Signals include: shivering, numbness, glassy stare, apathy and loss of consciousness.

13. Care for Hypothermia Remove any wet clothing and dry the body.Remove any wet clothing and dry the body. Gradually warm the body.Gradually warm the body. If conscious, give warm liquids to drink.If conscious, give warm liquids to drink. If unconscious, attend to any life threatening problems.If unconscious, attend to any life threatening problems. Call an ambulance.Call an ambulance.

14. WORKING AROUND HEAT & COLD STRESS ClothingClothing Administrative ControlsAdministrative Controls 1. Breaks 2. Job Rotation 3. Shift Changes Food and FluidsFood and Fluids