1. Coping with Water Scarcity Utilizing Water Accounting/Auditing Methodologies and Advanced Technologies Thierry Facon Senior Water Management Officer FAO RAP Water and Irrigation Proposal for Japanese Delegation

2. Background What is water scarcity ? “an excess of water demand over available supply” Water scarcity is prevalent in many parts of Asia Increasing water scarcity due to climate change continues to threaten water and food security and rural livelihoods How to respond to water scarcity ?

3. Background

4. Issues and Constraints How to quantify water scarcity? What response options are available ? How to best manage existing water resources and plan for future development ? Constraints in water accounting framework development:  Lack of available data  Lack of a standardized water accounting framework  Location specific rather than universal applicable  Limited focus on intervention options

5. Measuring water scarcity Water accounting (addressing physical scarcity – mapping supply and demand:  Volumes  Flows  Quality Water audits (addressing economic scarcity) - mapping:  Infrastructure and management  Socio-economics and finance  Legislations and institutions

6. Develop, refine, and implement water accounting/auditing methodologies (WA+) utilizing remote sensing and other analysis tools as a basis for decision-making for potential water interventions in water management improvements in a selected representative river basin(s) in each country. Strengthen country capacity in water resources evaluation, planning, and development through water accounting/auditing. Mainstream the water accounting approach in government ministries for decision making and in supporting strategies for water resources planning and sustainable development. Project Objectives

7. Develop, refine, and implement water accounting/auditing methodologies (WA+) utilizing remote sensing and other analysis tools as a basis for decision-making for potential water interventions in water management improvements in a selected representative river basin(s) in each country. Strengthen country capacity in water resources evaluation, planning, and development through water accounting/auditing. Mainstream the water accounting approach in government ministries for decision making and in supporting strategies for water resources planning and sustainable development. Project Objectives

8. From water accounting to water auditing

9. Water auditing Component 1: Land and water resources database Component 2: Water resources availability assessment Component 3: Water resources use assessment Component 5: Decision support tool Component 4: Water resources policy review Component 6: Water Audit concluding comprehensive and summary reports

10. On-going water audits Okavango

11. On-going water audits Ethiopia (Awash basin)