1. 3.2 Basic Cell Structures 1.Cell membrane 2.Cytoplasm 3.Nucleus

2. Cell Membrane

3. Location: surrounds each cell Function: Controls everything that enters and exits the cell; protects internal cell Terms: Phospholipids Semipermeable

4. Phospholipids A lipid that contains 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group Compounds that make up the cell membrane

5. Phospholipids Heads: hydrophilic, water loving, dissolves in water Tails: hydrophobic; water hating; repels water

6. Heads Hydrophilic Tails Hydrophobic

7. In water When dropped in water, phospholipids form two layers called a lipid bilayer Heads face the water Tails face each other

8. Protein Protein molecules are embedded in the lipid bilayer Some are attached to one side Most extend all the way through both layers

9. Proteins in the Bilayer

10. Protein Jobs 1.Help move materials in and out of the cell 2.Serve as identification badges for cells to recognize each other

11. Fluid Mosaic Model A model that describes the structure of cell membranes.cell membranes In this model, a flexible layer made of lipid molecules is interspersed with large protein molecules that act as channels through which other molecules enter and leave the celllipid molecules protein

12. Fluid Mosaic Model Phospholipids are “fluid” like They allow materials to pass through the membrane http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/05membrane/index.shtml

14. Cytoplasm The semi-fluid matter contained within the cell's membrane, in which organelles are suspended. Does not include the cell nucleus or nucleoplasm

16. Cytoskeleton The inner structural elements, or backbone, of a cell It consists of microtubules and filaments that spread out through the cytoplasm providing both structural support and a means of transport within the cell.

19. Nucleus A large, membrane-bound, usually spherical structure within a living cell Contains the cell's hereditary material and controlling its metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

21. Nucleolus A small, round body composed of protein and RNA in the nucleus of a cell. Makes ribosomes

22. Nuclear Membrane Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus Contains nuclear pores for the movement of genetic materials

23. Chromosomes 1.A threadlike linear strand of DNA and proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of hereditary information. 2.A circular strand of DNA in bacteria

24. Eukaryotic Chromosomes Chromosomes are linear, a line

25. Review Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell

26. Prokaryotic Chromosome Chromosomes in bacteria are circular

27. Prokaryotic Cell

28. Bacteria Kingdom Includes bacteria and cyanobacteria No Nucleus No Organelles DNA is not organized into chromosomes

29. Eukaryotic Cell Single celled Protists Multicellular protist, fungi, plants and animals Have a nucleus Have organelles DNA is organized onto chromosomes

30. Eukaryotic Cell