1. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Teaching Methods (including small groups) Promoting multiprofessional education and development in Scottish maternity care

2. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Teaching methods Lectures Tutorials Discussions Workshops Skills teaching / demonstration Reflective practice Case reviews Scenarios Clinical teaching

3. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Universal structure for all teaching Closure Dialogue Set

4. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Set Preparation of learning material – knowledge, context, rehearse Lesson plan – aims, objectives, summary, assessment and reading Making the session work – environment (physical, psychological, psychosocial)

5. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Other determinants of success of teaching session Instructor: Knowledge Enthusiasm Attitude Empathy Size of group Style of teaching Candidate: Previous knowledge Intellectual skills Motivation and interest Level of anxiety Expectations Preferred learning style

6. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Dialogue: Content Presentation skills - getting started, keeping in touch with audience Teaching aids - position, posture, voice, visibility Encouraging candidates to interact - using strategies such as open and direct questions, thought showers, buzz groups

7. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Closure: Clear and unequivocal Questions Summary – take home message Termination

8. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Small group teaching Encourages students to organise their thoughts and test ideas Different formats or different topics Set, dialogue and closure Effectiveness of Interactive learning ???? 75 % vs Didactic 10%

9. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Advantages Oral skills enhancement Communication Co-operation Teamwork Diplomacy

10. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Discussion groups Closed discussions: Controlled Knowledge focused Demonstration of candidate understanding Open discussions: Divergent Free discussion No clear answers Learn through participation Some discussions start open and move to closed format in order for the instructor to achieve teaching outcomes

11. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Hints Plan carefully - establish ground rules Seating - eye-to-eye contact Present the topic Do not give the answers but assist the discussion Ensure all candidates can participate Use your personality to facilitate

12. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Skills teaching Small groups – usually best for teaching clinical skills (encourages discussion) Skills station – combines acquisition of psychomotor skills and discussion Use basic principles of teaching Set, dialogue and closure

13. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Skills teaching: 4-stage approach Instructor demonstrates skill in silence Instructor demonstrates skill with commentary Instructor demonstrates skill and learner provides commentary Learner demonstrates skill and provides commentary (All learners practice) Benefit - Utilises individual senses and repetition

14. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Demonstrations and Role Play Illustrate Points Visual reinforcement Allows candidates to understand what is expected of them Should be controlled Not to demonstrate instructors expertise Provide accurate feedback Proactive Encouraging Manage time flow Closure

15. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Role play and Scenarios Role Play – used when instructor wants candidates to experience something in a ‘real’ but safe situation Scenarios – form of improvised role play using a clinical case, real equipment but a manikin or a live model

16. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Things to remember In role play and scenarios candidates are either participants or audience, never just passive observer Always feedback and debrief If using equipment, know how it works and check it before starting

17. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Any Questions?

18. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary Summary As an instructor you are expected to be able to work in different teaching formats to suit the topic Set, Dialogue and Closure applies to all methods If unsure ask your Course Leader as Instructors also need to continue to learn

19. Quality Education for a Healthier Scotland Multidisciplinary “To teach is to learn twice.” (Joseph Joubert, French Philosopher, 1754-1824)