1. Historical Perspectives Professional Study Group Presentation Reading Instruction: Late 1960’s-1970’s Seminar in Reading April 3, 2008 Presenters: Katie Disney & Vergil Cato

2. Group Discussions/ Interactions: Small group interactions with KWL Charts: I. What we “Know” about reading instruction in the late 1960’s and 1970’s II. What we “Want” to know

3. KWL Chart Late 1960’s-1970’s KWL

4. Reading Focus: Late 1960’s-1970’s Look-say approach Contextualized Phonics instruction Reading instruction at high school, college, & adult levels Reading comprehension (making meaning vs. skill and drill) Reading in the content areas Remedial reading

5. Influential Theorists & Theories: Jeanne Chall  Phonics vs. Whole Language Bond and Dykstra  The First Grade Studies  No one method of instruction is best Kenneth Goodman- Miscue Analysis Bartlett  Schema Theory

6. Influential Theorists & Theories Cont’d: Rosenblatt  Transactional Reader/Response Theory Sociolinguistic Theory Psycholinguistic Theory Frank Smith Holdaway Dolores Durkin  Influenced comprehension instruction

7. Other Influential Reading Researchers: Lev Vygotsky  Social Constructivism  Zone of Proximal Development Albert Bandura  Social Learning Theory

8. Movements & Trends Influencing Literacy Value placed on reading research Interest in reading disabilities grew School Libraries were funded Trade books were being utilized to increase reading in the content areas

9. Movements & Trends Influencing Literacy Cont’d Single component tests were developed to test comprehension and knowledge of phonics  Mastery Learning Movement  Criterion-referenced tests  Curriculum-embedded assessments Challenges  Philosophy  Pedagogy- harder texts, more phonics, and skill development programs

10. Political, Social, & Economic Influences: The Center for the Study of Reading focused its attention on comprehension Commissioner of Education- National Right to Read Program Sesame Street and Star Wars were released Public law 94-148  Education for all students with disabilities

11. Seminal Study: Dolores, D. (1978-1979). What classroom observations reveal about reading comprehension instruction.  Reading comprehension instruction or lack of  Grades 3-6  More written work/ less comprehension instruction

12. Other Seminal Studies of Interest: Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of a theory of syntax. Durkin, D. (1966). Children who read early. Goodman, K. (1967). Reading: a psycholinguistic guessing game. Smith, F. (1971). Understanding reading.

13. Wrap-Up: KWL I. What we “Learned” about reading instruction in the late 1960’s & 1970’s II. Sharing III. Conclusion