1. WMO UNEP INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES PROGRAMME WMO UNEP Real Emissions Estimates William Agyemang-Bonsu Environmental Protection Agency Ghana

2. EMISSION Inventories  Aim is to provide methodologies to estimate annual national emissions  This is not true for all the 1996 guidelines “potential” emissions (i.e. sum of all future emissions) “reference approach” different methodology  For the 2006 guidelines it is possible to replace these “potential” approaches. This is due to better understanding of the sectors, and more data especially in regions outside Europe and North America

3. Usage of reference approach clarified. For emissions from energy use as in current guidelines Guidelines use a “Sectoral approach” Fuel use by sector (e.g. power generation, road transport etc.) Based on national (preferable) or international energy statistics Provides transparent and comparable estimates “Reference Approach” is not for emission estimates A simple check on a major emission sector Based on Energy balance so fuel use by individual sectors is not available and so emissions of non-CO 2 gases VERY uncertain

4. Simple emission estimates for F gases  Current guidelines allow a “potential” estimate to be used (i.e. sum of all future years.) So potential and actual estimates NOT compatible Usually overestimates as sector is growing  A new Tier 1 approach has been devised Based on regional default information Requires the same information as potential approach and is as simple to perform Replaces potential estimates as simplest “good practice” approach Enables local national difference to be easily and transparently included

5. Simple FOD Tier 1 for Landfills  Existing “mass balance” approach is a “potential” emissions approach.  This can be replaced by a simple first order decay model. The simplest use of this model only requires waste arisings in the current year It requires NO more information than the old mass balance approach A spreadsheet is provided so it is very easy to use It is also simple and transparent to make improvements using local information (i.e. age of landfills, changes in waste composition, changes in waste disposal methods…)

6. Time Series Consistency  New approaches for F gases and Landfills “automatically” calculate time series. New time series produced with little extra effort so additional recalculation not needed Opportunity to include national information in a transparent way  General guidance on time series consistency is given on volume 1 – “General Guidance and Reporting”

7. Conclusions  These changes will result in: Better estimates of annual national emission inventories More comparable emission estimates between countries Easier and transparent to include information on individual national differences Clear and simple route to future improvements