1. ISO TC184/SC4 contribution to REACH and LCA David Leal CAESAR Systems Limited david.leal@caesarsystems.co.uk and the impact of the Semantic Web on the SC4 architecture BSI AMT4, 2008-03-23

2. What are REACH and LCA REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of CHemicals) –you need to know exactly what is in you product, and the parts of you product which you buy in LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) –you need to know the inputs and outputs to the manufacturing, use and disposal activities for your product, and for the parts of the product which you buy in You need to access and validate data from the supply chain –The Semantic Web is ideal for this

3. Semantic Web technologies RDF (Resource Description Framework) –making statements on the Web –http://www.w3.org/RDF/ N3 (Notation 3) –a simple way of writing down an RDF statement –http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/n3/ An opportunity to: record information more simply enable others to use our concepts use the concepts of others

4. Jane believes Getting started Janet John loves RDF diagram N3 :Janet :loves :John. :Jane :believes { }

5. Getting started people:Janet relationship:loves people:John. @prefix people:. @prefix relationships:. namespaces identify the people identify the human relationships

6. Navigating the supply chain LCA catalogues (e.g. EU LCA InfoHub) linked to industrial catalogues class Aclass Bclass Cclass D product supply 1 supply 2 supply x supply y supply z subclass of LCA data from analysis of supply subclass of LCA data from analysis of supply

7. Dereferencing a vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem ; vocab:serialNumber "98-12345" ; vocab:manufacturer ; vocab:operatingVoltage [ vocab:volt 230 ]. vocab:registeredName "Fred Bloggs and Company Limited". http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345 Dereference to get: an RDF formula with URI http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345/formula

8. RDF statements about an item http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345 vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem rdf:type vocab:serialNumber 98-12345 http://www.f.bloggs.co.uk/ vocab:manufacturer vocab:registeredName Fred Bloggs and Company Limited vocab:operatingVoltage vocab:volt 230

9. Access to formulas An application can query using SPARQL. A person can browse using Firefox + Tabulator:

10. What needs to happen Change to the business process –Assign URI to a product –Dereference to get a formula about a product –education, pilot projects, buy in from trade associations and governments Standard vocabularies to use on the Web –existing standards need to work in a new environment –standards need to be simplified –W3C Product Modelling group –ISO TC184/SC4 needs to get its act together

11. No data model so far equipment item manufacturer serial number operating voltage electrical equipment item person organization STRING electrical potential volt REAL family name registered name given name STRING

12. Equivalent vocabulary :EquipmentItem a owl:Class. :ElectricalEquipmentItem a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :EquipmentItem. :Organization a owl:Class. :ElectricalPotential a owl:Class. :manufacturer a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :EquipmentItem ; rdfs:range :Person ; rdfs:range :Organization. :serialNumber a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :EquipmentItem. :operatingVoltage a owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain :ElectricalEquipmentItem ; rdfs:range :ElectricalPotential. :volt a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ElectricalPotential.

13. ISO 10303 APs They are more than vocabularies –They validate the data for completeness and consistency They are linked to an activities –There are many activities, so there are many APs/Conformance Classes The APs have things in common –So there is a complicated methodology for using parts of data model But there is no vocabulary which can be used outside an AP

14. ISO 10303 APs Running an AP schema through an EXPRESS  RDF/OWL translator does not solve this problem The APs have a complicated structure in order to impose constraints –We do not want to replicate the complexity when the constraints are not wanted

15. ISO 15926-2 validates vocabularies vocab:ElectricalEquipmentItem a iso15926-2:class_of_physical_object. vocab:serialNumber a iso15926-2:class_of_class_of_identification. vocab:operatingVoltage a iso15926-2:class_of_indirect_property. vocab:volt a iso15926-2:scale. The average user does not need to know this, but: –it shows that the vocabulary is consistent; –it facilities transfer to and from a ISO 15926-2 data warehouse

16. Where we could go next SC4 ISO 10303 many schemas with constraints for different activities complicated methodology for sharing entities ISO 15926-2 simple schema without constraints with philosophy (and idiosyncratic?) difficult to use for designs rather than individuals ISO 13584 simple schema with constraints for one activity core vocabulary without constraints for use on the Semantic Web ISO 14048 definition of concepts but no schema inputs

17. Where we could go next SC4 ISO 10303  transfer between Semantic Web and APs to validate the data published on the Web ISO 15926-2  the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL implementation of ISO 15926-2 ISO 13884  part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML? core vocabulary without constraints for use on the Semantic Web ISO 14048  transfer between the Semantic Web and the various XML formats – ELCD, EcoSPOLD mapping use ? mapping

18. … and further in the future ISO 10303++  a new version of STEP as RDF/OWL + constraints using SWRL ISO 15926-2  the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL implementation of ISO 15926-2 ISO 13884  part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML? core vocabulary without constraints for use on the Semantic Web ISO 14048  transfer between the Semantic Web and the various XML formats – ELCD, EcoSPOLD ? mapping use