1. Chapter Twenty-Three Prosperity Decade, 1920-1928

2. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-2 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Henry Ford’s innovations 1. depended dangerously on imports from Europe. 2. required government assistance to build his factories. 3. ended in bankruptcy, thereby bringing on the Great Depression. 4. made automobiles available to more and more people.

3. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-3 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Henry Ford’s innovations 4. made automobiles available to more and more people. Hint: His methods led to lower and lower prices for cars. See pages 716–717.

4. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-4 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Government during the 1920s 1. was strongly pro-business. 2. actively regulated the economy. 3. created many new programs to assist farmers. 4. backed the creation of labor unions in many industries.

5. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-5 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Government during the 1920s 1. was strongly pro-business. Hint: The Republicans who dominated government in the 1920s believed, as Coolidge said, that, “the business of America is business.” See pages 734–735.

6. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-6 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The new consumer-driven economy of the 1920s depended on 1. the continued expansion of heavy industry. 2. cessation of antitrust suits by the government. 3. consumer goods. 4. importing huge quantities of goods from America’s wartime allies.

7. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-7 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The new consumer-driven economy of the 1920s depended on 3. consumer goods. Hint: See pages 717–720.

8. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-8 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Critics of American culture in the 1920s included 1. manufacturer Henry Ford. 2. intellectuals and writers, many of whom left the country in disgust. 3. cabinet members Andrew Mellon and Albert Fall. 4. finance companies, alarmed because of the growth of installment buying.

9. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-9 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Critics of American culture in the 1920s included 2. intellectuals and writers, many of whom left the country in disgust. Hint: They attacked and decried American culture. See pages 717–720.

10. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-10 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Speculation in the stock market 1. was a criminal activity under federal law. 2. drove stock prices higher and higher. 3. ended when Florida land prices fell. 4. was the brainchild of Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon.

11. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-11 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Speculation in the stock market 2. drove stock prices higher and higher. Hint: See pages 718–720.

12. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-12 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The nonpartisan Farm Bloc 1. unsuccessfully demanded higher tariffs for foreign-grown produce. 2. urged President Coolidge to veto the McNary- Haugen bill. 3. arose in Congress because the nation’s farmers did not share in the general prosperity. 4. attempted to revive the Populist Party.

13. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-13 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The nonpartisan Farm Bloc 3. arose in Congress because the nation’s farmers did not share in the general prosperity. Hint: Overproduction for the domestic market, coupled with a decline in farm exports, had plunged farmers into economic misery. See pages 720.

14. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-14 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Los Angeles can be said to have been created by the economy of the 1920s because 1. the decline in government regulation of business unleashed investment there. 2. its development revolved around the automobile. 3. it was the center of feverish speculation in the stock market. 4. many people migrated there from the South and Northeast.

15. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-15 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 Los Angeles can be said to have been created by the economy of the 1920s because 2. its development revolved around the automobile. Hint: Modern Los Angeles was made possible by the automobile. See page 721.

16. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-16 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The Harlem Renaissance influenced American culture 1. because of its contributions to fundamentalist religious thought and practice. 2. by making jazz a central feature of modern American music. 3. because a growing number of white Americans were determined to put an end to second-class citizenship for African Americans. 4. even though many African-American leaders shunned the artists and writers who participated in it.

17. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-17 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The Harlem Renaissance influenced American culture 2. by making jazz a central feature of modern American music. Hint: Jazz flourished as part of the Harlem Renaissance and began to influence white musicians as well. See pages 724–727.

18. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-18 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The Eighteenth Amendment launched the national experiment in 1. women’s suffrage. 2. the income tax. 3. racial equality. 4. Prohibition.

19. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-19 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 The Eighteenth Amendment launched the national experiment in 4. Prohibition. Hint: It prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages. See page 768– 769.

20. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-20 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 John T. Scopes’s trial attracted attention because it 1. exposed leaders of the Ku Klux Klan as corrupt. 2. pitted fundamentalism against modern science. 3. demonstrated the extent of illegal activity by bootleggers. 4. focused on Sigmund Freud’s definition of homosexuality.

21. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.23-21 Berkin, Making America Chapter 23 John T. Scopes’s trial attracted attention because it 2. pitted fundamentalism against modern science. Hint: Scopes, tried for teaching evolution in the public schools, symbolized modern science. William Jennings Bryan, for the prosecution, represented the Christian fundamentalist side that opposed the theory of evolution. See pages 728– 729.