1. Texas History

2.  140 million B.C. Big Bend and Edwards Plateau created from limestone  65 million B.C. Earthquakes and volcanoes formed Coastal Plains  2 million B.C. Ice Age advance affected Texas climates  9500 B.C. Ancient People reach Texas

3.  The largest natural region  The most populated region in Texas  Rich natural resources  Lumber  Cotton  Grains  Oil  Spindle top Field  East Texas Oil Field  Gulf Intracoastal Waterway A protected shipping channel that links Texas to the world

4.  The Piney Woods  Wood, farming and oil  The Gulf Coastal Plain  Petrochemical industries (business related to oil and gas)  The Johnson Space Center  The Houston Ship Channel  The Post Oak Belt  Education and light industry  The Blackland Prairie  Manufacturing  Alamo  The South Texas Plain  Alluvial Soils (rich soil)  North American Free Trade Agreement  King Ranch (center for oil, gas, ranching and farming)

5.  A ranching and farming region  Starts in Canada and ends in Texas  Land is covered in grass and brush, instead of trees  Can be divided in to 3 geographic subsections  Cross Timbers  Grand Prairie  Rolling Plains

6.  The Cross Timbers  Oak trees, pecans, elms  Mostly agricultural  Arlington, Denton, Brownwood  The Grand Prairie  Agriculture: wheat, peanuts, corn, grain  Killeen, Copperas Cove and Fort Hood  Metroplex-Dallas/Fort Worth Major manufacturing and trade area  The Rolling Plains  Buttes: small, flat topped hills  Agribusiness: large scale commercial farming  Abilene, Wichita Falls

7.  Begins in Canada and runs through Texas to Mexico  Once home to nomadic Native Americans and buffalo  Many droughts: long periods of less than average rainfall

8.  The Edwards Plateau  Del Rio lies entirely on the plateau, and is a center for trade with Mexico  Kerrville and Fredericksburg  The LBJ ranch, the Texas home for former President Lyndon Johnson  The Llano Basin  Lower land because of erosion (land that is worn away because of flowing waters of the rivers in the area)  San Saba, Brady, Mason  The High Plains  Grazing cattle  Wild turkeys and deer  Amarillo, Midland and Odessa

9.  The western most natural region in Texas  Strong economic and cultural ties to Mexico  Lack of water  Desert plants such as yucca, cactus, and creosote brush  Canyons, mountains and basins  Bowl shaped depressions in the land

10.  The Guadalupe Range is the highest range  The Guadalupe Peak stands at 8,749 feet  The Davis Mountains  The Chisos Mountains  The Upper Rio Grande Valley  Small strip of irrigated land  Cotton

11.  Commercial ties with New Mexico, Arizona, California and Mexico  Ciudad Juarez is across the Mexican border  Maquiladoras (twin factories) have been built in Juarez and El Paso.  NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement  1994  Agreement in order to stimulate economic growth between the United States, Canada and Mexico