2. Bell Ringer: Describe whether you believe large cells perform tasks better or more efficiently than small cells. Why or why not? Take out a sheet of notebook paper for your Cornell Notes!

3. Objectives: SWBAT: □Describe cell size limitations in a demonstration  Describe the stages of the cell cycle in a diagram.

4. Welcome Back!!! A few things have changed…… 1.You must have a notebook or binder dedicated strictly to science. 2.You will keep all your notes in the binder or the notebook. 3.You must bring this binder or notebook to class EVERY day, and this will be part of your daily participation grade along with a pen or pencil to write with.

5. Cont. You will receive participation points each day for having and taking your notes and completing your summaries.

6. RECALL……… ALL CELLS COME FROM PREEXISTING CELLS

7. Demonstration: Predict: Which cells (cubes of jello) do you believe the food coloring will go through faster? Why? Write your prediction in your notes!

8. Slows the rate of diffusion Cell cannot perform normal function Ratio of surface area to volume will decrease What happens to a cell if it becomes too big? Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

9. What process does the cell go through to limit cell size? Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction Cell Division! One cell divides into two new cells that are identical to the original cell

10. Examples of Cell Division– cells on the bottom of feet and back of hands

11. Examples of Cell Division– cuts and bruises healing

12. Examples of Cell Division– ivy vine growing

13. The cell cycle is the sequence of growth and division of a cell. THE CELL CYCLE Draw this!

14. Sequence of growth and division in the cell CELL CYCLE Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

15. Cell growth phase Cell: increases in size carries on metabolism duplicates chromosomes prior to division INTERPHASE Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

16. Reflection: Describe why small cells perform tasks more efficiently than large cells. (2 sentences) You must complete reflection and summarize notes for participation points.

17. Bell Ringer: Describe why small cells perform tasks more efficiently than large cells. Take out your notes from yesterday, so I can check them for points.

18. Objectives: SWBAT: □Trace the steps of mitosis in a graphic organizer.

19. Mitosis If these cells are part of the same plant, why do they all look a little different?

20. If the amazing process shown here did NOT happen, we wouldn’t be alive! Mitosis

21. New cells are produced from one cell Results in two identical cells CELL DIVISION Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

22. Contain DNA, the genetic material Accurate transmission of chromosomes during cell division is critical. CHROMOSOMES Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction 4th

23. A chromosome is made of chromatin… which is made of DNA! Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA Phosphate Sugar Base

24. Chromosome numbers Each type of eukaryote has a characteristic number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell. Examples: Humans- 46 Dog- 78 Potato plant- 48 Cat- 38 Housefly- 12 Fungus- 8

25. THE CELL CYCLE INTERPHASEMITOSIS 1.Cell grows in size 2.Carries on metabolism 3.Duplicates chromosomes 4.Prepares for division 1.Follows interphase 2.Process of nuclear division 3.2 daughter cells form 4.Daughter cells identical to parent cell

27. 1. PROPHASE 2. METAPHASE 3. ANAPHASE 4. TELOPHASE

29. CATALYST - Mitosis Answer the quiz questions!

30. Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 During prophase, the chromatin coils to form visible chromosomes. Spindle fibers Disappearing nuclear envelope Doubled chromosome PHASES OF MITOSIS: PROPHASE

31. Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 During metaphase, the chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle. Centromere Sister chromatids PHASES OF MITOSIS: METAPHASE

32. Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 During anaphase, the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. PHASES OF MITOSIS: ANAPHASE

33. Section 8.2 Summary – pages 201 - 210 During telophase, two distinct daughter cells are formed. The cells separate as the cell cycle proceeds into the next interphase. Nuclear envelope reappears Two daughter cells are formed PHASES OF MITOSIS: TELOPHASE

34. Homework: Summarize your notes and graphic organizers to be checked tomorrow for points.

35. Bell Ringer: Describe the four phases of mitosis. Have your notes and graphic organizer out from yesterday, so I can check your notes.

36. Objectives: SWBAT: □Summarize the phases of mitosis, demonstrated in a model.

37. Directions: Take out your graphic organizers from yesterday. (If you do not have one, make sure your partner does) Construct the first phase of mitosis using the materials in front of you. Call me over for a stamp when you have finished AND can explain what is happening in the cell.

38. Reflection: Explain whether or not you believe mitosis happens in all cells of the human body. Why or why not?

39. Bell Ringer: Describe what you believe causes cancer. Have you ever known someone with cancer?

40. Objectives: SWBAT: □Compare and contrast normal cell cycle functions to abnormal cell cycle functions in a critical thinking exercise.

41. Critical Thinking Normal Stomach Cells Interphase: 120 min Prophase: 60 min Metaphase: 10 Anaphase: 3 min Telophase: 12 min Cancerous Stomach Cells Interphase: 16 min Prophase: 15 min Metaphase: 2 min Anaphase: 1 min Telophase: 3 min

42. Proteins call cyclins are in charge of starting the activities that take place in a cell. What regulates the cell cycle? Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

43. What does a stoplight signal mean to you?

44. The uncontrolled growth and division of cells- a failure in the regulation of the cell cycle. Spend less time in interphase, so produce very rapidly. Cancer Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

45. What does a tumor look like? NORMAL CELLS CANCER CELLS

46. Brainstorm Take one minute to think of something you think causes cancer. Be prepared to share your ideas!

47. Mutations (changes) in DNA that affect the proteins in charge of the cell cycle. Carcinogens ex. Tobacco, sun Genetics Causes of Cancer Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

48. Programmed cell death When DNA cannot repair itself, apoptosis may also prevent cancerous cells. Apoptosis Take Notes! Topic: Cell Reproduction

50. Homework: Summarize your Cornell Notes Create a KWL Chart on Stem Cells