1. Level 2 Safeguarding Training for Schools 2015 /16 Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE)

2. The 'I Didn't Know' project video put together by the Essex Children in Care Council and was released as part of the National Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) Awareness day on Wednesday 18th March 2015. 2

3. 3

4. CSE Definition: Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) is a form of Child Abuse This is the nationally agreed ACPO definition of CSE: Sexual exploitation of children and young people under 18 involves exploitative situations, contexts and relationships where the young person (or third person/s) receive ‘something’ (eg food, accommodation, drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, affection, gifts, money) as a result of performing, and /or performing on them sexual activities.

5. CSE Champions Every school has a named CSE lead / champion who: Is a point of contact in the school for other agencies raises awareness of CSE in school Acts as a source of information for other staff and is available to offer basic CSE advice and support Shares and imparts all CSE knowledge /skills from training

6. Warning Signs and Vulnerabilities Vulnerabilities prior to abuseSigns of already being sexually exploited Missing from home or care Chaotic or dysfunctional householdPhysical injuries History of abuseDrug or alcohol misuse Recent Bereavement or LossInvolvement in offending Gang association (direct or indirect)Repeat STIs, pregnancy and terminations Attending school with others who are sexually exploitedAbsent from school Learning disabilitiesChange in physical appearance Unsure or not disclosing sexual orientation Evidence of sexual bully/vulnerability through the internet/social networking sites Friends with young people who are sexually exploitedEstranged from their family HomelessReceipt of gifts from unknown sources Lacking friends from the same age groupRecruiting others into exploitative situations Living in a gang neighbourhoodPoor mental health Living in residential careSelf-harm Living in hostel, B&B or foyerThoughts of or attempted suicide Low self-esteem/confidenceMissing from home or care Young carerPhysical injuries

7. What do we know about victims? There are an estimated 16,500 children are at risk of child sexual exploitation in England. (Children’s Commissioner’s Inquiry into Child Sexual Exploitation in Gangs and Groups (CSEGG) CEOP identified 1875 cases of localised grooming (CEOP 2011);

8. How does it happen? Friends, neighbours, colleagues, friends of friends On-line approaches (scatter gun) ‘On Street’ approaches (take away, bus/railway St, pub, shopping centre – ‘situational’ Supply of gifts (phones, money, food) Gradual build up of a relationship between offender & victim, manipulated subtly into sexual complicity.

9. Grooming Establishing a hold over the victim Manipulation – genuine relationship Substance addiction Immediate or over years Erosion of usual support networks (family, carers, school etc) Isolation and leverage

10. Victim and Perpetrators VictimsPerpetrators Mostly female (80%)Mostly male (90%) Mostly white (90%)Mostly white Mid Teens (particularly 14- 15yrs) 18-35yrs WhiteGroup CSE - high percentage Asian At least 1 identifiable vulnerability factor High proportion unemployed, students or retired

11. What do we know about victims? Models of CSE can incorporate the following models. These models often overlap.

12. Why don’t they talk about it? Why do they go back to their abusers? Why are they difficult to engage? Common Questions….

13. Child/young person-centered approach Indirect/informal approaches and uses of resources (including those around healthy relationships, e-safety etc) Patience and timing Asking the right questions Building trust gradually Providing practical support Continuity and accessibility Persistence! Working with young people

14. CSE does exist in Essex… TWO Shoebury men have been charged with child prostitution offences.Shoebury Following an extensive investigation into an Essex based escort agency, which began in August last year, they have now been charged. Castle, 39, and Davis, 53, have also been charged with possession of indecent images and drug offences.Castle The investigation has been carried out by the serious and organised crime unit in Essex, in connection with the escort agency girls4you.com, which had been running in the Southend area for 14 years.

15. “London men guilty of sexually exploiting teenage girls” Two men have been jailed for a total of 20 years for sexually exploiting girls in Southend. In a first for Essex Police, they were found guilty of sexual exploitation offences on Friday, November 7, 2014 after a two-week trial at Basildon Crown Court. The unemployed men groomed the girls via text messages after being introduced to them on social networking sites. They then travelled from their homes in east London to meet the girls on Southend seafront on a number of occasions between August and November 2012. The men were jailed for ten years for rape, and four years for each offence of sexual activity with a child and two counts of facilitating child sex offences

16. Using appropriate language… Remember the young person concerned is a ‘child’ Consensual sex / Child Prostitution Streetwise (what does this mean?) Choosing to…… ‘Boyfriend’ ‘Typical’ victim / perpetrator? …beware 16

17. Sally is 14 years old and has been living at Care View for 3 months. She is a streetwise young woman who from day one has been a persistent absconder. She chooses to associate with older friends in the town centre where she drinks alcohol and uses drugs. She refuses to engage with staff and take guidance believing, as always, that she knows best. Sally is known to be sexually active and is promiscuous. She says she has had sex with 7 different partners in the past month. She has already been treated for Chlamydia but she doesn’t seem to care about the impact on her health. We think she is prostituting herself to get money for drugs and new clothes and she is certainly materialistic. Sally is a negative influence on the other young people and often involves younger residents in her inappropriate activities.

18. Sally is 14 years old and has been living at Care View for 3 months. From day one we have been concerned about her going missing and she is thought to be a very vulnerable child. Sally is known to be spending time with older men in the town centre and is drinking alcohol and using drugs. This increases her vulnerability. Staff are working hard to engage Sally but at the moment she cannot accept our help and support. Sally is sexually active and we believe she is having sex with a number of older men. Sally has been treated for Chlamydia and we are concerned about her sexual health and well-being. Sally often has money and new clothes which she cannot explain and we feel that she is at risk of, or already being abused through child sexual exploitation. Sally often takes younger residents off with her and we are worried that she is being coerced into introducing other children to the abusers.

19. Strategic Level Response to CSE in Essex Operational Level Southend Essex and Thurrock Strategic CSE group Plan & commission services Develop policies & procedures Ensure that appropriate training is put in place Implement MACE groups CSETT Champions Training & Forums Risk Assessment Monitor & evaluate the work that is being done Raise awareness of CSE Compile Data sets

20. What to do with your concerns… Share any concerns with the Designated Lead for Safeguarding in school (the CSE ‘Champion’). This may initiate a referral to the Social Care Family Operations Hub (FOH) or a contact with the Police to provide intelligence Ensure accurate records of any concerns are kept – must be dated and signed and held on a child protection file for the individual in school so there is an overview of all concerns 20