2. Module 40 Psychotherapy: Psychodynamic, Behavioral, and Cognitive Approaches to Treatment Chapter 13 – Pages 492-506 Essentials of Understanding Psychology- Sixth Edition PSY110 Psychology © Richard Goldman June 13, 2006

3. Mental Health Professionals Psychiatrist  MD with postgraduate training in abnormal behavior  Assessment and treatment of psychological and related physical disorders  Can prescribe medication Psychoanalyst – MD (or psychologist)  Specializing in psychoanalysis (Freudian) Psychologist  Ph.D. or Psy.D.  Assessment and treatment of psychological disorders Mental Health Counselor, Licensed  MA plus State and/or National certification Social Worker  MA

4. The Main Types of Therapy 1. Psychotherapy  Psychodynamic  Behavioral  Cognitive  Humanistic 2. Biomedical Therapy  Drugs Therapy  Electroconvulsive Therapy  Psychosurgery

5. Psychodynamic Approach Psychoanalysis assist a patient in exposing unconscious (repressed) and unresolved conflicts. Very long process often taking many years Employs:  Free Association  Dream Analysis  Transference (Transfer feelings of loved one to annalist) Some newer psychodynamic approaches are faster Provides insight into one’s life Questionable effectiveness

6. Behavioral Approach Therapists help people learn new skills and behaviors and unlearn maladaptive ones. Abnormal behaviors are considered the problem and dealt directly using classical and operant conditioning.  Aversive (Classical) Conditioning – Shock, Illness, Pain  Operant Conditioning – Rewards, Withholding & Punishment  Systematic Desensitization – Baby steps  Observational Learning – “Fearless Peer” (watching others) Works well for phobias, compulsions, and behavioral disorders

7. Cognitive Approach The therapist helps clients eliminate maladaptive thoughts and beliefs and adopt more effective thinking.  Cognitive Therapy – Teaches clients more appropriate ways to view themselves and the world  Rational-emotive Therapy – Directly confronts and challenges the clients inappropriate views We need love or acceptance from every person we know. We need approval for everything we do. We should be competent in all respects to consider ourselves worthwhile. It is horrible when things do not turn our the way we want them to. My parents taught me…. Effective for phobias, panic, and many other disorders