1. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 1 802.22 Coexistence Considerations Author: Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.22. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.11. Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures, including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair Carl R. Stevenson as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802.11 Working Group. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at.http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws.pdfCarl R. Stevensonpatcom@ieee.org Abstract 802.19.1 Workshop, 16 July 2010, San Diego. This contribution summarizes graphically the difficuly of coexitence between 802.22 for regional area networks and 802.11 for local area neworks and illustrates some features developed in the 802.22 Draft Standard to help coexistence.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 2 Outline Summary of 802.22 characteristics Coexistence use case: 802.22 802.11 –Detection distance versus interference distance –802.11 detection thresholds to coexist with 802.22 802.22 coexistence tools –Spectrum etiquette –Channel re-use –Terrestrial geolocation –Spectrum Manager Conclusion

3. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 3 IEEE Standards IEEE 802.22 RAN “Regional Area Network” 10-30 km 54 - 862 MHz Multipath absorption Window (Cyclic prefix ) 0.25 2.2 μsec 0.8 75 μsec 23, 27, 31 Mbit/s BW= 6,7,8 MHz

4. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 4 Characteristics of 802.22 WRAN: 30 km 23 km 16 km QPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM Max throughput per 6 MHz: 23 Mbit/s (net: 19.44 Mbit/s) Base station power: 100 W Antenna height: 75 m User terminal (CPE) power: 4 W antenna height: 10 m US: Base station power: 4 W Antenna height: 30 m 10 km coverage radius

5. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 5 Outline Summary of 802.22 characteristics Coexistence use case: 802.22 802.11 –Detection distance versus interference distance –802.11 detection thresholds to coexist with 802.22 802.22 coexistence tools –Spectrum etiquette –Channel re-use –Terrestrial geolocation –Spectrum Manager Conclusion

6. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 6 802.22 WRAN WRAN BS 4 Watt 30 m WRAN CPE 4 Watt 10 m outdoors WRAN edge of coverage: 10.4 km

7. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 7 802.22 WRAN WRAN BS 4 Watt 30 m WRAN CPE 4 Watt 10 m outdoors WRAN edge of coverage: 10.4 km Radius of detection of BS TX by 802.11= 330 m at -64 dBm level

8. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 8 802.22 WRAN WRAN BS 4 Watt 30 m WRAN CPE 4 Watt 10 m outdoors WRAN edge of coverage: 10.4 km Radius of detection of BS TX by 802.11= 330 m at -64 dBm level Radius of Interference from the 100 mW portable unit= 2.2 km

9. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 9 802.22 WRAN WRAN BS 4 Watt 30 m WRAN CPE 4 Watt 10 m outdoors WRAN edge of coverage: 10.4 km Radius of detection of BS TX by 802.11= 330 m at -64 dBm level On-axis radius of detection of CPE TX by 802.11= 300 m 78 m in backlobe Radius of Interference from the 100 mW portable unit= 2.2 km

10. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 10 802.22 WRAN WRAN BS 4 Watt 30 m WRAN CPE 4 Watt 10 m outdoors WRAN edge of coverage: 10.4 km Radius of detection of BS TX by 802.11= 330 m at -64 dBm level On-axis radius of detection of CPE TX by 802.11= 300 m 78 m in backlobe Radius of Interference from the 100 mW portable unit= 2.2 km On-axis radius of Interference from the 100 mW portable unit= 1.35 km

11. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 11 802.11 Detection threshold levels to coexist with 802.22 Required 802.11 detection threshold in 6 MHz to limit the 802.22 devices desensitization to 3 dB –Detection threshold = -90.8 dBm (BS transmitted signal) –Detection threshold = -88 dBm (CPE transmitted signal) –Detection threshold = -104 dBm (BS signal received at CPE, 10 m height) –Detection threshold = -120.9 dBm (BS signal received at CPE, 1.5 m height) To be able to detect the downstream burst from the distant BS sending the DS/US-MAP -120.9

12. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 12 Outline Summary of 802.22 characteristics Coexistence use case: 802.22 802.11 –Detection distance versus interference distance –802.11 detection thresholds to coexist with 802.22 802.22 coexistence tools –Spectrum etiquette –Channel re-use –Terrestrial geolocation –Spectrum Manager Conclusion

13. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 13 Spectrum Etiquette different operating channel for overlapping or adjacent cells different first backup channel

14. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 14 Outline Summary of 802.22 characteristics Coexistence use case: 802.22 802.11 –Detection distance versus interference distance –802.11 detection thresholds to coexist with 802.22 802.22 coexistence tools –Spectrum etiquette –Channel re-use –Terrestrial geolocation –Spectrum Manager Conclusion

15. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 15 Channel re-use Techniques for channel re-use –CDMA: limited signal discrimination (X <25 dB) –OFDMA: average signal discrimination through FFT (25 < X <35 dB) –TDMA: very high signal discrimination (X > 35 dB) with appropriate time buffer to remove channel time spread Given the potential large dynamic difference between fixed and portable applications, TDMA will be required.

16. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 16 802.22 WRAN superframe and frame structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe = 16 frames

17. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 17 802.22 WRAN superframe and frame structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe = 16 frames Using the Self- coexistence window (5 symbols, 2.3 ms) for TDMA with other systems

18. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 18 802.22 WRAN superframe and frame structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe = 16 frames Using the 802.22 capability to schedule intra-frame quiet periods for sensing

19. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 19 802.22 WRAN superframe and frame structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe = 16 frames Using the 802.22 capability to shorten its frame under lower traffic

20. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 20 Terrestrial geolocation BS Vernier-1 Vernier-2 CPE 1 Downstream Upstream Besides satellite-based geolocation, the 802.22 standard includes terrestrial geolocation using inherent capabilities of the OFDM based modulation and the coexistence beacon protocol bursts transmitted and received among CPEs Propagation time measured between BS and its CPEs and among CPEs of the same cell using Fine Time Difference of Arrival: TDOA Vernier-3 CPE 2 CBP burst Vernier-1

21. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 21 802.22 Spectrum Manager Spectrum Manager Policies Incumbent Database Service Incumbent Database Spectrum Sensing Channel Set Management Subscriber Station Registration and Tracking Self Co-existence Geo-location

22. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 22 Conclusions Current 802.11 CSMA-CA based detection thresholds are not sufficient to enable coexistence with 802.22 802.22 has established spectrum sharing techniques that can be readily adapted to enable coexistence with other 802 technologies 802.22 spectrum manager is capable of autonomously deciding which coexistence mechanism to use and how 802.22 has developed a basic interface for incumbent database service 802.22 will consider providing interface between its spectrum manager and 802.19 coexistence manager

23. doc.: IEEE 802.22-10/0130r0 Submission July 2010 Gerald Chouinard, CRCSlide 23 References 1.IEEE P802.22™/ DRAFTv3.0 Draft Standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands, April 2010 2.22-10-0123-00-0000-Interference between 802.22 WRAN and Portable Devices.xls