1. Section 2-3 Organic Compounds

2. Any molecule containing carbon Carbon skeletons may vary in length Skeletons may be branched or unbranched

3. Organic Compounds Skeletons may have double bonds, which can vary in location. These are called isomers. Skeletons may be arranged in rings.

4. Types of Organic Compounds 1.Carbohydrates –Monomers (single unit sugar) – monosaccharides Ex: Glucose and Fructose –Disaccharides – two single sugars Ex: Lactose –Polysaccharides – many monosaccharides linked together Ex: Starch (energy storage in plants), glycogen (energy storage in animals), and cellulose (gives plants strength and rigidity)

5. Carbohydrates cont. Functional Groups present: OH and C=O Function – main source of energy for all living things

6. 2. Fats or Lipids Made of mainly carbon and hydrogen Mostly nonpolar – will not dissolve in water Function: Energy storage, cushions vital organs, and insulates the body

7. 3. Nucleic Acids Monomers – nucleotides Functional groups – PO 4 Function – Heredity Examples – DNA and RNA

8. 4. Proteins Monomer – amino acids Functional Groups: NH 2 and COOH Function – regulate chemical reactions in cells, help fight disease, transport substances into and out of cells, and provide structure for tissues and organs. Examples : Enzymes