1. Biomolecules Building Blocks of Life

2. Elements Everything – whether it’s a rock, frog, flowers, etc. - is made up of elements. Elements can be found on the periodic table.

3. Essential Elements Of the naturally occurring elements on earth, only about 25% are essential to living organisms. Only 4 elements –Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon – make up more than 96% of the human body. “HONC” if you love science!!

4. Organic Compounds Substances containing carbon are known as organic compounds. There are 4 principle classes of organic compounds (biomolecules) found in all living organisms: – Carbohydrates – Lipids – Proteins – Nucleic acids Without these compounds cells could not function.

5. Components The biomolecules are made up of building blocks called monomers. Monomers join together to form polymers. Monomers are linked by removing water molecules in a process known as dehydration synthesis. Polymers are broken down by adding water in a process known as hydrolysis (hydro = water lysis = break apart). animation 2

6. Time to share… Turn to your partner and share at least one piece of information you understand and one piece that you did not.

7. Type of biomolecule Elements in biomolecule ExamplesMonomers of biomolecules Structure of monomer Function Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

8. Type of biomolecule Elements in biomolecule ExamplesMonomers of biomolecules Structure of monomer Function CarbohydrateC, H, O 1:2:1 ratio Sugars and starches. Glucose, fructose. Monosaccharides Ex: glucose Primary source of energy; receptor on cell membrane LipidC, H, OFats, oils, waxes Fatty acid and glycerol Secondary source of energy; cell membrane ProteinC, H, O, NMuscle, enzymes Amino acids Body structure; rebuilds tissue; regulates cell processes; speeds up chemical reactions. Nucleic AcidC, H, O, N, PDNA and RNANucleotidesStore and transfer genetic information; gives traits

9. Essential Questions What are the four different types of molecules? What are the four different types of molecules? They are made up of building blocks called They are made up of building blocks called monomers…what are they? monomers…what are they? How is the structure of a biomolecule related to its function? How is the structure of a biomolecule related to its function? What is their function? What is their function?