1. How are hormones transported in the body?

2. What is an endocrine gland? Endocrine: secretes fluid into blood Exocrine: secrete fluid into a duct (ex: sweat)

3. For your hormone …… HOW DOES IT WORK? WHAT DOES IT DO? –Suggestion conversation topics: WHAT GLAND SECRETES (PRODUCES) IT? WHAT DOES IT CONTROL? WHAT DOES IT TARGET? WHAT EFFECT DOES IT HAVE? WHAT TRIGGERS ITS RELEASE?

4. ENDOCRINE GLANDS 1. PITUITARY GLAND

5. a. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Tropic hormone (controls another gland) Growth & activity of thyroid gland  specifically controlling metabolism rate

6. What is a tropic hormone? a. A synthetic (“man-made”) hormone b. A hormone that triggers another endocrine gland to secrete its hormones c. Hormones that affect the gonads d. Hormones of the thyroid gland

7. b. Oxytocin- causes contractions c. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Diuresis = urine production causes kidneys to reabsorb water from the forming urine stimulus? caffeine inhibits ADH secretion

8. Which of the following is NOT a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland? a. Oxytocin b. ADH c. Thyroid-stimulating hormone d. Insulin

9. Summary of the pituitary Pituitary gland – considered the “master” gland We covered 3 of the 7 hormones it produces

10. 2. PANCREAS

11. a. Insulin – regulates blood glucose levels. –Respond to rising blood glucose levels –Hyposecretion  high blood glucose levels …. Diabetes mellitus 1.Polyuria 2.Polydipsia 3.polyphagia

12. b. Glucagon regulates blood glucose levels responds to low blood glucose levels. Target: liver

14. 3. GONADS A) OVARIES 1. Estrogens – stimulate secondary sex characteristics in females brings about menstrual cycle 2. Progesterone- brings about menstrual cycle. Quiets muscles of uterus during pregnancy Hyposecretion of either: infertility

15. What does hyposecretion mean? a. Produces too much b. Produces too little c. Secretes to a tropic hormone d. Is not controlled by a negative feedback mechanism

16. b) Testes 1. Androgens EX: testosterone– cause growth and maturation of reproductive system;secondary sex characteristics; sperm production in adult Hyposecretion = infertility testes

18. 4. PLACENTA ( Temporary organ) 1. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) – stimulates ovary to continue producing estrogen and progesterone

19. Aging and the endocrine glands Late middle age: efficiency of ovaries begins to decline  menopause GH declines = muscles atrophy Mildly hypothyroid Less able to resist stress/infection (due to thymus, glucocorticoids of adrenal and melatonin from pineal) Some decline in insulin production  diabetes (not responsible for this slide)