1. Chapter 3: Federalism POLS 111 – US Government Jacob A. Helton, BA for Dr. Hunter

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3. Federalist LI (51) Paragraph 6 “In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates” Roman Numerals I = 1 V = 5 L = 50 C = 100 D = 500 M = 1000 3=III 40=XL 47=XLVII 900=CM

4. Basic Definitions Federal System of Government- Political authority is divided between self- governing parts and the central whole. Federalism- 267 varied definitions! Constitutional arrangement whereby power is distributed between a central government and subdivisional governments. The national and subdivisional governments both exercise direct authority over individuals.

5. Types of Federalism Dual Federalism Layered Cake Federalism

6. Types of Federalism Cooperative Federalism

7. Types of Federalism Marble Cake Federalism

8. Types of Federalism Competitive Federalism

9. Types of Federalism Permissive Federalism

10. Types of Federalism “Our Federalism” States enjoy 10 th amendment Powers.

11. Why Federalism… Corrects for the negatives of unitary and confederal systems Unitary becomes too large to effectively manage Confederal lacks any central authority for disputes Allows cultural/ethical differences by region ie. States choose decisions on gay marriage and abortion Encourages experimentation Programs tested in smaller environments Can be replicated if successful, little harm if not Government closer to the people

12. Powers Granted by Constitution Article I, Section 8 Article I, Section 9 Article I, Section 10 Tenth Amendment

13. Special Points Full Faith and Credit Clause Interstate Privileges and Immunities Extradition Interstate Compacts National Supremacy and Preemption McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Implied National Powers NIMBYism

14. Loopholes Grants Categorical-Formula Grants Project Grants Block Grants Mandates Direct Orders Cross-Cutting Requirements Crossover Sanctions Total and Partial Preemption

15. Questions?