2. Sandrine Rangeon, California State University, Fresno, USA Wade Gilbert, California State University, Fresno, USA Pierre Trudel, University of Ottawa, Canada Jean Côté, Queen’s University, Canada 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

3. Sources of data Contact with colleagues in Canada and U.S. Research Funding Certification Standards Updated coaching science bibliography 1970- 2008 (941 articles) Publication Outlets Lines of Research 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

4. Where does coaching science come from? 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

5. Major differences between Canada and the U.S. 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

6. Research Funding - Canada Well-established federal funding agency with history of supporting coaching science Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) Partnership with Sport Canada Multi-year six-figure grants 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

7. Research Funding - Canada Other opportunities: Provincial grants Coaching Association of Canada (CAC) $7,000 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

8. Research Funding – U.S. Federal funding agencies exist, but tough competition: cancer, obesity, mental health, aging, etc. Federal grants for coaching science almost non-existent Must focus on youth development outcomes (anxiety, self-esteem) 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

9. Research Funding – U.S. Other more common sources 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009 Academic organizations: AAPHERD, AASP Private foundations (N = 109,852) Total assets = $514 billion Few examples of coaching scientists accessing these resources Carnegie Corporation Sport organizations & private companies

10. Major differences between Canada and the U.S. 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

11. Certification Standards - Canada Revised National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP) Context specific (8 contexts) Each sport responsible for identifying how many contexts are relevant 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

12. Certification Standards – U.S. No national mandated certification program Coach education programs widely adopted: 1) American Sport Education Program (ASEP) 2) National Federation of State High School Athletic Associations (NFHS) 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009 However, national standards do exist NASPE / NCACE

13. Dominated by the US 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

14. Publication Outlets U.S.-based None found in central America Few Canadian-based outlets US-based scholars are primary gatekeepers Editorial boards, though, global in composition TSP: 42% of board members outside North America 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

15. Top 10 journals for publishing coaching science research in the last 5 years (2004-2008)

16. New Publication Outlets Journal of Coaching Education (JCE - 2008) online journal Published by National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics (JIIA – 2008) Sponsored by the College Sport Research Institute 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

18. Current lines of research Motivational climate Amorose & Horn; Conroy & Coatsworth; Smoll & Smith; Weiss; Strean Coaching effectiveness / efficacy Solomon; Feltz, Meyers, Vargas-Tonsing, Chase, & Sullivan Coach development / expertise Trudel, Gilbert, & Côté; Bloom; Gould; Schempp Occupational issues Pastore; Bruening; Cunningham & Sagas; Raedeke Leadership Chelladurai 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009

19. Coaching science quite ‘healthy’ 1. Vast inter-country differences for research funding and coach education 2. Many publication outlets 6/10 top journals based in the U.S. English-language Online and traditional print format 3. Many diverse active lines of research, but still few long-term studies North American Summary 12 th World Congress – Marrakesh – June 2009