1. 8 Parts of Speech Noun Pronoun Adjective Verb Adverb Preposition Conjunction Interjection

2. Noun Word that names a person, place, thing, or idea Types of nouns: –Proper noun –Common noun –Abstract noun –Concrete noun –Compound noun –Collective noun

3. Types of Nouns Proper Noun – names a specific person, place, or thing Common Noun – names any one of a class of people, places, or things Abstract Noun – cannot be perceived by the senses; thoughts or ideas Concrete Noun – can be perceived by 1 or more of the senses Compound Noun – noun that is made up of more than one word Collective Noun – noun that names groups of people or things

4. Pronoun Word that takes the place of a noun Antecedent – nouns for which pronouns stand Types of Pronouns: –Personal pronouns –Reflexive pronouns –Intensive pronouns –Demonstrative pronouns –Relative pronouns –Interrogative pronouns –Indefinite pronouns

5. Types of Pronouns –Personal pronouns Refer to the person speaking, the person spoken to, or the person, place, or thing spoken about –Reflexive pronouns Ends in –self or –selves and indicates that someone or something performs an action to, for, or upon itself; point back to a noun or pronoun earlier in the sentence –Intensive pronouns Ends in –self or –selves and adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in the same sentence –Demonstrative pronouns Help specify one of many different people, places, or things –Relative pronouns Begins a subordinate clause and connects it to another idea in the sentence That, which, who, whom, whose –Interrogative pronouns Use to begin questions That, which, who, whom, whose –Indefinite pronouns Refer to people, places, or things, often without specifying which ones

6. Verb Indicates action (mental or visible action) or a state of being Linking verb – verb that connects a word at or near the beginning of a sentence with a word at or near the end –The most common linking verb is some form of be Helping verb – verb that can be added to another verb to make a single verb phrase Verb phrase – consists of main verb and 1 or more helping verbs

7. Adjective Word used to describe a noun or pronoun Tells what kind, which one, how many, or how much Proper adjectives Compound adjectives Articles – the adjectives a, an, the –Indefinite: a, an –Definite: the articles

8. Adverb Word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb Tells when, where, how / in what way, or to what extent

9. Preposition Word that relates a noun or pronoun that appears with it to another word in the sentence; shows a relationship Compound preposition Prepositional phrase – group of words that begins with a preposition, ends with a noun or pronoun (object of preposition) and includes any modifiers

10. Conjunction Word used to connect other words or groups of words 3 types: –Coordinating conjunction connects similar kinds of words or groups of words And, but, for, nor, or, so, yet –Correlative conjunction Connects similar words or groups of words; always appear in pairs Both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, whether…or –Subordinating conjunction Connects two complete ideas by making one of the ideas subordinate (to place below another in rank or importance) to the other

11. Interjection Word that expresses feeling or emotion and functions independently in a sentence

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