1. Periodic Table Chapter 12 Page 336-350

2. History of the PT Mendeleev wrote the first periodic table Mendeleev wrote the first periodic table 18 families or groups going vertically 18 families or groups going vertically 7 periods or series going horizontally 7 periods or series going horizontally Based on atomic masses Based on atomic masses

3. History of PT Moseley determined the number of protons the atomic number as the basis for a periodic table Moseley determined the number of protons the atomic number as the basis for a periodic table Periodic law states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the element’s atomic number Periodic law states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the element’s atomic number

4. Classes of Elements Metals Metals Nonmetals Nonmetals Metalloids Metalloids

5. Basics Each element has a one or two letter symbol which stands for the name of the element. First letter is capitalized the second is in small case Each element has a one or two letter symbol which stands for the name of the element. First letter is capitalized the second is in small case

6. Alkali Metals: Group 1 A. Group contains: Metals A. Group contains: Metals B. Electrons in outer level: 1 B. Electrons in outer level: 1 C. Reactivity: very reactive C. Reactivity: very reactive D. Other shared properties: softness, color of silver, low density, shininess D. Other shared properties: softness, color of silver, low density, shininess

7. Alkaline-Earth: Group 2 A. Group contains:Metals A. Group contains:Metals B. Electrons in outer level: 2 B. Electrons in outer level: 2 C. Reactivity: very reactive but slightly less than alkali metals C. Reactivity: very reactive but slightly less than alkali metals D. Other shared properties: color of silver, higher densities than alkali metals D. Other shared properties: color of silver, higher densities than alkali metals

8. Transition metals: 3-12 A. Group contains: Metals A. Group contains: Metals B. Electrons in outer level: 1 or 2 B. Electrons in outer level: 1 or 2 C. Reactivity: less reactive than alkaline earth metals C. Reactivity: less reactive than alkaline earth metals D. Other shared properties: good conductors of electricity and current higher densities and melting points than group 1 and 2 metals D. Other shared properties: good conductors of electricity and current higher densities and melting points than group 1 and 2 metals

9. Boron Group : Group 13 A. Group contains: 4metals and 1 metalloids A. Group contains: 4metals and 1 metalloids B. Electrons in outer level: 3 B. Electrons in outer level: 3 C. Reactivity: reactive C. Reactivity: reactive D. Other shared properties: solids at room temperature D. Other shared properties: solids at room temperature

10. Carbon Group: Group 14 A. Group contains: one nonmetal, 2 metalloids and 2 metals A. Group contains: one nonmetal, 2 metalloids and 2 metals B. Electrons in outer level: 4 B. Electrons in outer level: 4 C. Reactivity: varies among elements C. Reactivity: varies among elements D. Other shared properties: solids at room temperature D. Other shared properties: solids at room temperature

11. Nitrogen group : Group 15 A. Group contains: 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids and 1 metal A. Group contains: 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids and 1 metal B. Electrons in outer level: 5 B. Electrons in outer level: 5 C. Reactivity: varies among the elements C. Reactivity: varies among the elements D. Other shared properties: most are solids at room temperature D. Other shared properties: most are solids at room temperature

12. Oxygen Group: Group 16 A. Group contains: 3 nonmetals, 1 metalloids, 1 metal A. Group contains: 3 nonmetals, 1 metalloids, 1 metal B. Electrons in outer level: 6 B. Electrons in outer level: 6 C. Reactivity: Reactive C. Reactivity: Reactive D. Other shared properties: All but oxygen are solids at room temperature D. Other shared properties: All but oxygen are solids at room temperature

13. Halogens: Group 17 A. Group contains: nonmetals A. Group contains: nonmetals B. Electrons in outer level: 7 B. Electrons in outer level: 7 C. Reactivity: very reactive C. Reactivity: very reactive D. Other shared properties: poor conductors, forms salts with alkali metals, D. Other shared properties: poor conductors, forms salts with alkali metals,

14. Noble Gases: Group 18 A. Group contains: nonmetals A. Group contains: nonmetals B. Electrons in outer level: 8,2 B. Electrons in outer level: 8,2 C. Reactivity: unreactive C. Reactivity: unreactive D. Other shared properties: colorless, odorless, gases at room temperature D. Other shared properties: colorless, odorless, gases at room temperature

15. Hydrogen A. Group contains: nonmetal A. Group contains: nonmetal B. Electrons in outer level: 1 B. Electrons in outer level: 1 C. Reactivity: reactive C. Reactivity: reactive D. Other shared properties: colorless odorless gas very violent reactions with oxygen, low density D. Other shared properties: colorless odorless gas very violent reactions with oxygen, low density