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Published byTabitha Morton Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1GQyciJaTA&feature=related
A tour of the Cell Chapter 6
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Cell theory All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of function and structure in living things All cells come from pre-existing cells
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Main cell components Plasma membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Organelles
Cell wall (only in plant cells)
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Eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic cells
Contains nucleus Many organelles present micrometers Appeared later in the fossil record Lacks a nucleus Lacks organelles 1-10 micrometers Appeared earlier in the fossil record
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Two Basic types Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell membrane cytoplasm
nucleus Eukaryote Cell organelles
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Compare and Contrast Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Ribosomes Cell wall
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Pages
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Compare/contrast plant and animal cells
Plant cell ribosomes mitochondria Centrioles lysosomes Golgi apparatus Cell wall Large vacuole Endoplasmic reticulum Plasma membrane chloroplast nucleus
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Plasma membrane Composed of proteins and a type of lipid called phospholipid The structure that makes the plasma membrane is called the phospholipid bilayer
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Phospholipid molecule of Plasma Membrane
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Plasma Membrane Structure
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Ways cells get molecules in and out of cell
No cell energy used diffusion passive transport (facilitated diffusion) Cell energy used Active transport
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Diffusion The net movement of particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
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Diffusion The random movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration If system is left alone the molecules will eventually spread themselves equally every where – the molecules do not stop moving though
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Types of Transport through plasma membrane
Passive transport Diffusion: some molecules cross the plasma membrane with no expenditure of energy or help from transport proteins Osmosis: difusion of water through a membrane Facilitated diffusion: Transport molecules provide a pathway for certain molecules to pass Active transport
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OSMOSIS – MOVEMENT OF WATER THROUGH MEMBRANES
Water molecules Higher Concentration of Water Lower Concentration of Water Sugar molecules Water moves from high concentration to low concentration
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Results of water movement on cells
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Types of Transport through plasma membrane
Passive transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion Active transport: A transport protein pumps a solute across a membrane in the opposite direction to the way it travels with diffusion. It requires chemical energy.
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Facilitated diffusion or Passive transport
Glucose molecules High Concentration Cell Membrane Low Concentration Protein channel Protein channel Used when the cell wants to make sure it has lots of the molecule
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Active Transport Low Energy from the cell is used High Energy
Molecule to be carried Molecules moved from LOW concentration to HIGH concentration Low Concentration Cell Membrane High Concentration Molecule being carried Low Concentration Energy from the cell is used Cell Membrane High Concentration Energy Energy
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Main cell parts and functions
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Cytoplasm: holds organelles - transport medium
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Nucleus: Control center – contains the DNA
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Ribosomes: make proteins
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RER: modify and transport proteins
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SED: Production of lipids (fats)
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Golgi apparatus: Process and package proteins and lipids
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Chloroplast: Where photosynthesis occurs
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Mitochondria: Releases energy usable by the cell
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