1. CLASSIFYING MATTER SEPARATING MIXTURES MIXTURES

2. I. CLASSIFYING MATTER A. Substance – a material made of only one type of molecule 1.Water is a substance when there are no impurities 2.Substances are always pure 3.There are two types of substances a. Elements – when only one element is present you have a substance b. Compounds – two or more elements bound together Water is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen bound together If the atoms are bound together strongly, we call it a molecule, if not it is just called a compound B. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances 1.Pepsi is a mixture of sugar, water, carbon dioxide, and other ingredients 2.Mixtures do not have to be liquids, dry cement is a mixture

3. I. CLASSIFYING MATTER C.Two types of mixtures 1. Heterogeneous mixture – the substances are not mixed evenly a.Samples taken at different locations will have different amounts and/or types of molecules b.Ex: Chili, raisin bran, granite, etc. 2. Homogeneous mixture – each type of molecule present is even distributed throughout the mixture a.A sample anywhere in the mixture will have the same composition b. Solution – another name for a liquid homogenous mixture

4. COMPREHENSION CHECK A.Classify each of the following as homogeneous or heterogeneous. 1.Sea water 2.Your desktop 3.Lucky Charms 4.I-pod 5.Kool-Aid 6.Water 7.Tomato soup 8.Calm chowder homogeneous heterogeneous Not a Mixture

5. COMPREHENSION CHECK Matter Anything that has mass Substance only has one type of material, pure Element contains only one type of atom Compounds contains more than one type of atom Compound atoms connected by a weak bond Molecules atoms connected by a strong bond Mixture More than one kind of substance Heterogeneous material is chunky, unevenly mixed Homogeneous material is evenly mixed throughout Solution liquid homogeneous mixture Draw the diagram below and fill in the empty boxes with a heading and description

6. III. SEPARATING MIXTURES A. Filtration – uses a filter to remove pieces of a solid from a liquid B. Distillation – if two liquids are that are mixed have different boiling points, the mixture can be heated slowly. The liquid with the lowest boiling point will evaporate faster and boil sooner. 1.You cannot completely separate the substances using distillation because some of the other liquid will also evaporate during the process C. Evaporation – to remove a dissolved solid, the liquid can be evaporated