1. Karaganda State Medical University Epidemiological classification of infectious diseases. Lecture: Kamarova A.M.

2. Infection - from Latin words: infectio - pollution, represents wide general biological the concept describing penetration of the pathogenic activator (a virus, a bacterium, etc.) in other more highly organized vegetative or animal organism and their subsequent antagonistic mutual relation. Infectious process is the complex interaction of biological systems limited in time microorganism and a macro organism, proceeding in the certain conditions of the environment, shown on sub molecular, sub cellular, cellular, fabric, organ and organism levels and naturally coming to an end destruction of a macro organism, or his full clearing of the activator.

3. Infectious disease is a concrete form of display of the infectious process, a reflecting degree of his development and having characteristic nosological attributes. Infectious diseases are an extensive group of the illnesses caused by the pathogenic activator. As against other diseases infectious diseases can be transferred from the infected person or an animal healthy (contagious) and are capable to mass (epidemic) distribution. For infectious diseases cyclic of current and formation of immunity is characteristic specificity etiology the agent. In the general structure of diseases of the person on infectious diseases it is necessary from 20 up to 40 %.

4. Classification of infectious diseases which is accepted by all or the majority of the doctors working in this area is absent. The huge number of various variants of ordering is offered. They are caused mainly by that practical point of view and ultimate goals which are pursued at classification.

5. By a biological principle of an infection can be subdivided on antroponoz (a poliomyelitis, meningococcal infection, a virus hepatitis, etc.) and zoonosis (furiousness, brucellosis, leptospirosis, the anthrax, tularemia etc.), allocate also natural infections (vernal encephalitis) and invasions (protozoan illnesses - malaria, amoebas, etc.; helmintosis.

6. Clinically infectious diseases are characterized on displays (manifest and unapparent), on weight (easy, average, heavy and the heaviest), under clinical forms (for example, meningococcal the infection can be shown as nasopharingitis a meningitis, meningoencephalitis, meningococcsemia), on current (typical and atypical; cyclic and acyclic).

7. One of the most widespread and frequently quoted is L.V.Gromashevskogo's constructed mainly by a principle of the account of the mechanism of transfer of an infection the classification. It provides division of all infections into five groups: 1) intestinal; 2) respiratory ways; 3) «blood»; 4) external surface; 5) with various mechanisms of transfer.

8. Thus, for example, in group of intestinal infections get a dysentery and helmintosis, a botulism and poisonings staphylococcal enterotoxins, amoebiasis, trihenellosis and even brusellosis, leptospirosis; in group «blood» (transmission) - a malaria and, rickets and tularemia. Imperfection of similar classification from a position infection doctors is obvious, as completely different on the agents (viruses, bacteria, the elementary, mushrooms, helmintosis) and on pathogenic diseases (malaria) get in one group.

9. In this connection more logical represents the classification constructed on etiological principle. It provides allocation of bacterial infections, poisonings with bacterial toxins, virus illnesses, rickets, clamidioses, mycoplasma, protozoan illnesses, mycosises and helmintosis. In each of these groups of illness can be united by a pathogenic principle, on the mechanism of transfer of the agent. In the present management of data on infectious diseases are stated according to etiological classification.

10. Bibliography Инфекционные болезни и эпидемиология. Учебник для студентов медицинских ВУЗов / Покровский В.И., Пак С.Г., Брико Н.И. и др. - Москва, ГЭОТАР. – 2004. - 813с. Руководство по эпидемиологии инфекционных болезней. 1 и 2 том. Под редакцией В.И. Покровского. - М.: Медицина. - 1990. - 452с. Руководство по инфекционным болезням. Под редакцией Лобзина Ю.В. - Санкт-Петербург. - 2000. - 330с. Введение в эпидемиологию инфекционных и неинфекционных заболеваний человека:Учеб. пос. для вузов / В.Д.Беляков, Т.А.Семененко, М.Х.Шрага. - М.:Медицина,2001. – 423с. Инфекционные и паразитарные болезни чело­века: Справочник эпидемиолога / Б.Л.Черкасский. - М.:Изд-во "Медицинс­кая газета". – 1999. – 527с.

11. The END. Thank you!