1. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 17 Using Sex as a Weapon: Sexual Coercion, Rape, and Abuse

2. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Facts Related to Sexual Violence Children and Youth: Children and Youth: Nearly two-thirds of female victims and nearly 70% of male victims were first raped before age 18.Nearly two-thirds of female victims and nearly 70% of male victims were first raped before age 18. College Students: College Students: An estimated 20-25% of college women experience attempted or completed rape while in college.An estimated 20-25% of college women experience attempted or completed rape while in college. Adults: Adults: 11% of women and 2% of men have experienced forced sex at some point in their lives.11% of women and 2% of men have experienced forced sex at some point in their lives.

3. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Victimization Completed Rape Completed Rape Attempted rape Attempted rape Completed Sexual Coercion Completed Sexual Coercion Attempted Sexual Coercion Attempted Sexual Coercion Completed Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force Completed Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force Attempted Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force Attempted Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force Attempted Sexual Contact Without Force Attempted Sexual Contact Without Force Threat of Rape Threat of Rape Threat of Contact With Force Threat of Contact With Force Threat of Contact Without Force Threat of Contact Without Force

4. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. What is Sexual Consent? Sexual Consent: A Voluntary Agreement Sexual Consent: A Voluntary Agreement The Absence of Consent: The Lack of Free Will The Absence of Consent: The Lack of Free Will Who Are the Rapists? Who Are the Rapists? Rape Scripts of Men and Women Rape Scripts of Men and Women Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape. Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape.

5. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. What Is Sexual Consent?

6. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Rape Terms Terms Forcible rapeForcible rape Statutory rapeStatutory rape Who Are the Rapists? Who Are the Rapists? Date rape/ acquaintance rapeDate rape/ acquaintance rape Anger rapistsAnger rapists Power rapistsPower rapists Sadistic rapistsSadistic rapists Rape Scripts of Men and Women Rape Scripts of Men and Women Types of conduct that make up rapeTypes of conduct that make up rape Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape

7. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. History of Rape in the United States

8. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. History of Rape in the United States (continued)

9. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Forcible Rape Rates in the U.S. 1989-2008

10. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Rape on Campus College students are four times more likely to be sexually assaulted than any other age group: College students are four times more likely to be sexually assaulted than any other age group: 12% of women attending American colleges have been raped.12% of women attending American colleges have been raped. 14% of undergraduate women were victims of completed sexual assault since beginning college.14% of undergraduate women were victims of completed sexual assault since beginning college. 8% were sexually assaulted while incapacitated due to alcohol or drugs.8% were sexually assaulted while incapacitated due to alcohol or drugs. Fewer than 5% of college women reported completed or attempted rape.Fewer than 5% of college women reported completed or attempted rape.

11. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Why Women Don’t Tell

12. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Intoxication and Sexual Assault Intoxication by Drugs Intoxication by Drugs Drug-facilitated assaultDrug-facilitated assault Diminished capacityDiminished capacity GHB, GBL, and Rohypnol (“roofies,” date rape drug)GHB, GBL, and Rohypnol (“roofies,” date rape drug) Intoxication by Alcohol Intoxication by Alcohol Most common chemical used in sexual assaultsMost common chemical used in sexual assaults Two-thirds of victims report they consumed alcohol prior to being assaulted.Two-thirds of victims report they consumed alcohol prior to being assaulted. Federal Clery Act (Student Right-to-Know or Campus Security Act)Federal Clery Act (Student Right-to-Know or Campus Security Act)

13. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Effects of Rape Rape Trauma Syndrome Rape Trauma Syndrome Acute phaseAcute phase Outward adjustment phaseOutward adjustment phase Resolution phaseResolution phase Women’s Responses to Rape Women’s Responses to Rape DepressionDepression Silent rape reactionSilent rape reaction When Men Are Rape Victims When Men Are Rape Victims His experience is marginalized and neglectedHis experience is marginalized and neglected

14. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Reporting a Rape Call 911, the local police or campus police. Call 911, the local police or campus police. Or go to local hospital emergency room.Or go to local hospital emergency room. Do not discard any evidence. Do not discard any evidence. Do not shower or change clothingDo not shower or change clothing The hospital will perform a rape kit. The hospital will perform a rape kit. Women will be given emergency contraception and testing for STIs.Women will be given emergency contraception and testing for STIs. The police will obtain a statement. The police will obtain a statement. An advocate or friend may be called.An advocate or friend may be called.

15. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Relationship Violence Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Behavior that intentionally inflicts harm on a partnerBehavior that intentionally inflicts harm on a partner Sometimes referred to as domestic violenceSometimes referred to as domestic violence The Battered The Battered Women with less education, from lower SES, or who are single parents or young teenage parents are more likely to be victims.Women with less education, from lower SES, or who are single parents or young teenage parents are more likely to be victims. The Batterer The Batterer Need for control and dominationNeed for control and domination

16. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Categories of Intimate Partner Violence Physical Violence Physical Violence Emotional Violence Emotional Violence Sexual Violence Sexual Violence Threats of Physical or Sexual Violence Threats of Physical or Sexual Violence

17. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Partner Rape There are three types of partner rape: There are three types of partner rape: 1. Battering rape 2. Forced sexual acts 3. Obsessive/sadistic rape

18. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Power and Control Wheel

19. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Cycle of Violence

20. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Child Sexual Abuse/Incest How Are Children Affected? How Are Children Affected? Signs and Symptoms:Signs and Symptoms: Genital pain and bleeding, STI, fearful behavior, abdominal pain, bed-wetting, attempts to run away, inappropriate sexual behavior for child’s age, sudden change in self confidence, headaches and stomach aches, school failure, extremely passive or aggressive behavior, desperately affectionate behavior or social withdrawal Genital pain and bleeding, STI, fearful behavior, abdominal pain, bed-wetting, attempts to run away, inappropriate sexual behavior for child’s age, sudden change in self confidence, headaches and stomach aches, school failure, extremely passive or aggressive behavior, desperately affectionate behavior or social withdrawal Helping Victims Heal Helping Victims Heal

21. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Sexual Life Education Concluding points Concluding points