2. 3 The Constitution Limiting Government Power

3. Dye Learning Objectives Identify the major principles of constitutionalism and trace its evolution in the United States Assess the obstacles to nationhood 3.1 3 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Dye Learning Objectives Outline the principles on which the Founders were in agreement and characterize their areas of conflict Analyze the economic and security issues that the Founders faced and the solutions they reached 3.3 3 3.4 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Dye Learning Objectives Explain how the Constitution structured the new government Analyze the separation of powers and the checks and balances established by the Constitution 3.5 3 3.6 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Dye Learning Objectives Outline the arguments made for and against ratification of the Constitution Assess the protections provided by the Bill of Rights and determine the various means through which the Constitution may be changed 3.7 3 3.8 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Constitutional Government in America  Magna Carta, 1215  Mayflower Compact, 1620  Colonial Charters, 1624-1732  Declaration of Independence, 1776  Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence  Articles of Confederation, 1781-89 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. 3.1 What precedent did the Mayflower Compact set? a.The right of Britain to rule the colonies b.The right of companies to establish colonies c.A government based on consent of the governed d.A limited government and monarchy 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. 3.1 What precedent did the Mayflower Compact set? a.The right of Britain to rule the colonies b.The right of companies to establish colonies c.A government based on consent of the governed d.A limited government and monarchy 3.1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

21. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

23. Troubles Confronting a New Nation  Financial Difficulties  Commercial Obstacles  Currency Problems  Western Lands  Civil Disorder  Road to the Constitutional Convention  The Nation’s Founders 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

24. 3.2 Which of the following was a problem with the Articles of Confederation? a.National government could not provide for national defense. b.National government could not regulate interstate commerce. c.National government could not levy taxes. d.All of the above. 3.2 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

25. 3.2 Which of the following was a problem with the Articles of Confederation? a.National government could not provide for national defense. b.National government could not regulate interstate commerce. c.National government could not levy taxes. d.All of the above. 3.2 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

26. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

27. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications 3.3 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

28. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

29. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

30. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

31. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

32. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

33. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

34. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

35. TABLE 3.1: Constitutional Compromise 3.3 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

36. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

37. Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia 3.3  Natural Rights to Liberty and Property  Social Contract  Representative Government  Limited Government  Nationalism  Conflict  Representation  Slavery  Voter Qualifications © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved..

38. 3.3 The social contract requires government to protect what natural rights? a.Life b.Liberty c.Property d.All of the above 3.3 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

39. 3.3 The social contract requires government to protect what natural rights? a.Life b.Liberty c.Property d.All of the above 3.3 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

40.  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs Economy and National Security 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

41. Economy and National Security 3.4  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

42.  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 Economy and National Security © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

43. Economy and National Security  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

44. Economy and National Security  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

45. Economy and National Security  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

46. Wartime can define a presidency 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

47. Economy and National Security  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

48. Economy and National Security  Levying Taxes  Regulating Commerce  Protecting Money  Protecting National Security  War and the Military Forces  Commander in Chief  Foreign Affairs 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

49. 3.4 Which of the following is not a power granted to Congress by the Constitution? a.Declare war. b.Regulate interstate commerce c.Command the armed forces d.Levy taxes 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

50. 3.4 Which of the following is not a power granted to Congress by the Constitution? a.Declare war. b.Regulate interstate commerce c.Command the armed forces d.Levy taxes 3.4 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

51.  National Supremacy  Federalism  Republicanism  Democracy? Structure of the Government 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

52. Structure of the Government  National Supremacy  Federalism  Republicanism  Democracy? 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

53. Structure of the Government  National Supremacy  Federalism  Republicanism  Democracy? 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

54. Structure of the Government  National Supremacy  Federalism  Republicanism  Democracy? 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

55. Structure of the Government  National Supremacy  Federalism  Republicanism  Democracy? 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

56. Table 3.2: Decision-making bodies in the Constitution of 1787 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

57. 3.5 Which office was directly elected by the people in the original Constitution? a.Federal judge b.President c.Member of the House of Representatives d.Senator 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

58. 3.5 Which office was directly elected by the people in the original Constitution? a.Federal judge b.President c.Member of the House of Representatives d.Senator 3.5 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

59. Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances  Separation of Powers  Checks and Balances  Judicial Review 3.6 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

60. FIGURE 3.1: Checks and balances 3.6 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

61. FIGURE 3.2: Confidence in the three branches of government 3.6 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

62. 3.6 Which of the following is an example of Congress’s ability to check presidential power? a.President can veto laws passed by Congress. b.Congress must ratify treaties signed by president. c.Courts can declare laws unconstitutional d.President can pardon persons convicted of crimes. 3.6 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

63. 3.6 Which of the following is an example of Congress’s ability to check presidential power? a.President can veto laws passed by Congress. b.Congress must ratify treaties signed by president. c.Courts can declare laws unconstitutional d.President can pardon persons convicted of crimes. 3.6 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

64. Conflict over Ratification  Ratification Procedure  Federalists  Anti-Federalists 3.7 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

65. FIGURE 3.3: The fight over ratification 3.7 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

66. 3.7 Which of the following was a Federalist strategy to ensure ratification? a.Requiring a two-thirds vote in each state legislature. b.Requiring the governor of each state to approve the Constitution. c.Requiring ratifying conventions in each state d.All of the above 3.7 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

67. 3.7 Which of the following was a Federalist strategy to ensure ratification? a.Requiring a two-thirds vote in each state legislature. b.Requiring the governor of each state to approve the Constitution. c.Requiring ratifying conventions in each state d.All of the above 3.7 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

68.  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice Amending the Constitution 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

69. TABLE 3.3: Bill of Rights 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

70. Amending the Constitution  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

71. Amending the Constitution  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

72. FIGURE 3.4: Constitutional Amendment Process 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

73. Amending the Constitution  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

74. TABLE 3.4: Amendments to the Constitution since the Bill of Rights 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

75. Amending the Constitution  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

76. Amending the Constitution  Constitutional Change  Amendments  Judicial Interpretations  Presidential and Congressional Action  Custom and Practice 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

77. 3.8 Which of the following is not a method of changing the Constitution? a.Presidential decree. b.Changing customs and practices. c.Judicial interpretation d.Formal amendment 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

78. 3.8 Which of the following is not a method of changing the Constitution? a.Presidential decree. b.Changing customs and practices. c.Judicial interpretation d.Formal amendment 3.8 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

79. Discussion Question What were the main conflicts in the design of the new Constitution and its ratification? What sort of demographic divisions in the population did these disputes represent? 3 © 2016,2014,2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.