1. The Legacy of the Roman Empire EQ: To what extent have the contributions of ancient Rome influenced modern society?

2. Terms to Know Visual Vocabulary
Constantine
Constantinople
Mural
Mosaic
Fresco
Vault
Dome
Cathedral
Aqueduct
Scribe
Proverb
Philosophy

3. Visual Vocabulary 1. Constantine 2. Constantinople
Definition: emperor of the Roman Empire who moved the capital 850 miles from Rome to Byzantium; called it “New Rome”
Definition: the new capital of Rome. It was once called New Rome and later called Constantinople after Constantine.

4. Visual Vocabulary 3. Mural 4. Mosaic Definition: a painting on a wall
Definition: A picture made up of small pieces of tile, glass, or colored stones.

5. Visual Vocabulary 5. Fresco 6. Vault
Definition: a picture painted on the moist plaster of a wall or ceiling
Definition: an arched structure used to hold up a ceiling

6. Visual Vocabulary 7. Dome 8. Cathedral
Definition: a roof shaped like a half circle.
Definition: a large important church.

7. Visual Vocabulary 9. Aqueduct 10. Scribe
Definition: a pipe or channel built to carry water between distant places.
Definition: a person who trained to write or copy documents by hand; they used Latin.

8. Visual Vocabulary 11. Proverb 12. Philosophy
Definition: a popular saying that is meant to express something wise or true. (ex. E pluribus unum…Out of many, one)
Definition: the study of wisdom, knowledge, and the nature of reality.

9. The Legacy of the Roman Empire EQ: To what extent have the contributions of ancient Rome influenced modern society?

10. Reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire in the west.
Political Instability
Economic and Social Problems
Weakening Frontiers

11. Political Instability
Lack of peaceful method for transferal of power
Generals fighting for control

12. Economic Problems 1. huge armies - heavy taxes - poverty
2.    slaves - unemployment - poor flood to cities
3.    trade declined

13. Social Problems 1. corruption and government waste
2.    decline in the spirit of citizenship
3.    crime made roads unsafe

14. Weakening Frontiers 1. empire’s huge size made it hard to defend
2.    barbarians move inside empire

15. Rome is Divided
1.    Constantine sets up new capital in the east at Byzantium (Constantinople). Byzantine Empire last another 1000 years.
2.    barbarians invade in the west and set up separate kingdoms; last emperor driven from throne 476 C.E.

16. Rome Leaves a Lasting Legacy in
Art
Architecture
Engineering
Language
Writing
Philosophy
Law
Citizenship

17. Art
Important Art Forms: realistic statues, mosaics, frescoes, decorative bottles, gem cutting, metal work and cameos
Art Forms that Influence modern life: murals, lifelike statues, cut gems, and cameos

18. Architecture and Engineering
Important Architectural and Engineering Achievements: arch, vault, dome, concrete, stadium, triumphal arch, roads, bridges, and aqueducts.
Architecture and Engineering that Influence Modern Life: designs of churches, banks, government buildings (including our Capitol dome), stadiums. Some modern roads are built over Roman roads and some aqueducts are used today.
                                       

19. Language and Writing
Roman alphabet has 23 letters; English 26 letters (J, U, W)
The numbers 1, 10, 100, and 1000 were written as I, X, C, and M. 5 was V, L is 50, and D is 500.
Roman language that influences modern life: proverbs, Latin root words and prefixes.

20. Latin Roots Used in English Words
Anima
Meaning
Life, breath, soul
English Word(s)
Animal, animated
Civis
Citizen, community
Civic, civilian
Lex, legalis
Law, legal
legislature
Manus
Hand
manual
Militare
To serve as a soldier
Military, militia
Portare
To carry
Portable, portion
Unus
One
United, union
Urbs
City
Suburb, urban
Verbum
word
Verbal, verbatim

21. Latin Prefixes Used in English Words
Meaning
English Word(s)
In, im, il
Not
Inactive, impossible, illogical
Inter
Among, between
international
Com, co
Together, with
Communicate, cooperate
Pre
Before
Precede, previous
Post
After, behind
postpone Re
Back, again
Remember
Semi
Half
semicircle
Sub
Under. Less than, inferior to
Submarine, substandard
Trans
Across, through
transportation

23. Philosophy, Law, and Citizenship
Important Roman ideas:
1. Live in a way that agrees with nature
2. The only true good thing in life is to have good character
3. Everyone has natural rights
Ways Roman philosophy, law, and citizenship have affected modern life:
1. Some legal codes are based on Roman laws
2. Many people today believe in natural rights as stated in the Declaration of Independence
3. In the U.S., all citizens have the same rights

24. Add info to each bubble related to the legacy and lasting achievement, add additional bubbles where needed…then add a picture for each section.
Citizenship
Art
Architecture
Law
Engineering
Language
Philosophy
Writing

25. Chapter 1 Study Guide
Terms Review each of the following terms to be sure you have an understanding of its importance to our unit of study.
Constantine (p. 9) Constantinople (p. 9) mural (p. 10) mosaic (p. 10)
fresco (p. 10) vault (p. 12) dome (p. 12) cathedral (p. 12)
aqueduct (p. 13) scribe (p. 14) proverb (p. 15) philosophy (p. 16)
Essential Questions Consult your Reading Notes and, when necessary, History Alive! The Medieval World and Beyond. For each question below, record notes that prepare you to answer it.
1. At the height of the Roman Empire in 117 C.E., what areas were included within its borders?
2. What problems contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire?
3. How and why did the Roman Empire ultimately fall? What happened to the eastern and western halves of the empire following the fall of Rome?
4. What contributions did the Roman Empire make in the following areas: art, architecture and engineering, language and writing, philosophy, and law?
5. How did Roman ideas about citizenship influence modern times?