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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses.

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Presentation on theme: "This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses."— Presentation transcript:

1 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(1):85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018JSP Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes James S. Walter, PhD; Donald Thomas, MD; Scott Sayers, PhD; R. Anthony Perez-Tamayo, MD; Timothy Crish; Sanjay Singh, PhD

2 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(1):85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018JSP Aim – Study stimulation of abdominal and upper-thoracic muscles. Relevance – Long-term goal of improved respiratory care for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

3 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(1):85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018JSP Method Evaluated 12-channel stimulator and multiple surface and implanted Permaloc electrodes in 5 anesthetized canines.

4 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(1):85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018JSP Results Abdominal stimulation with 100 mA using 4 bilateral sets of surface electrodes placed on midaxillary line at 7 th -13 th intercostal spaces and with closed airway at large lung volume produced expiratory tracheal pressure of 109 ± 29 cm H2O (n = 2, mean ± standard error of mean). Similar high pressures were induced with implanted electrodes at same locations. Upper-thoracic stimulation with 40 mA and 4 sets of implanted electrodes ventral to axilla induced inspiratory pressures of -12 ± 2 cm H2O (n = 5). Combined extradiaphragmatic pacing with open airway produced tidal volume of 440 ± 45 mL (n = 4).

5 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Walter JS, Thomas D, Sayers S, Perez-Tamayo RA, Crish T, Singh S. Respiratory responses to stimulation of abdominal and upper-thorax intercostal muscles using multiple Permaloc® electrodes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(1):85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0018JSP Conclusion These robust respiratory volumes and pressures suggest applications in SCI respiratory care.

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