1. Part 2

2.  ENERGY  Where does all of the energy on planet earth come from?

3.  Plants  “Produce” their own food using energy from sun light  Autotrophs Auto = Self Troph = Food Examples; Plants, bacteria, algae

4.  Get their energy by eating other organisms  Heterotrophs Omnivore: Eat both Carnivore: Eat meat Herbivore: Eat plants

5.  Life creates a pyramid when converting energy  Each level is called a trophic level

6.  With every step in a Trophic Level:  Organisms loose 90% of their energy to heat  Only 10% of energy is passed on  Ex: an organism on one trophic level needs to eat 10x more than an organism one trophic level below Useable energy decreases from 1 trophic level to the next!

8.  Green plants (some bacteria & algae) that are able to make their own food  Lowest trophic level

9.  1 ° consumers are herbivores (plant eaters)  Ex: some insects, deer, or mice.

10.  2 ° consumers are carnivores (flesh eaters)  They feed on herbivores  Ex: Amphibians

11.  3 ° consumers are carnivores  Ex: snakes and hawks

12.  Omnivores eat both plants and animals  Ex: Bears and Humans

13.  Scavengers feed on dead organisms  Ex: earthworms, ants, and vultures.

14.  Detrivores break down organic matter  Recyclers: turn waste into materials for producers  Ex: bacteria and fungi

15.  Predators:  organisms which hunt and feed on others  Prey:  organisms that are eaten  To maintain balance in an ecosystem the Predator/prey interactions should not be disturbed

16. Part 3

17.  Food chain: (linear-start with producer and end with top predator)  a relationship of organisms that depend on each other for energy or food.  EX: algae is food for fish which are food for squid which are food for sharks.  Note: The arrows point to what the organism is eaten by, NOT what it eats!

18.  Food Web  a group of interrelated food chains  If one organism is removed, other organisms may be endangered or possibly die out.