1. Imperialism

3. Imperialism Imperialism is the practice of establishing colonies or spheres of influence in order to control raw materials and markets. Nineteenth Century Imperialism was a result of the Industrial Revolution.

4. Motives for 19 th Century Imperialism Economic Motives –Sources of raw materials (for self-sufficiency ) –Markets for manufactured goods –An opportunity for investing money –Land for excess population PoliticalMotives –A chance to satisfy national pride, ambition, and power –An opportunity to gain strategic military bases Cultural and Religious Motives –The opportunity to Christianize native people –The duty to transmit western culture to “backward” native people “White Man’s Burden”

5. Types of Imperial Control Colony Protectorate Sphere of Influence

7. Africa

10. Berlin Conference 1884

12. Dr. David Livingstone (1813-1873 )

13. Henry Stanley (1841-1904)

14. Henry Stanley and Dr. Livingstone

17. The Congo-The Heart of Darkness “In the late 1800s, Europeans discovered the Congo and its vast resources. In 1885 King Leopold II of Belgium made the land his private property and called it the Congo Free State. While the Congo made Leopold rich, life under Leopold was disastrous for native Congolese. During the 23 years of his rule, he enslaved the people and ruthlessly plundered the land; it is thought that 10 million died.” http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/congo/photo.html

18. King Leopold's Legacy in the Congo

25. British Control of Egypt

30. British South Africa

31. Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902)

32. Cecil Rhodes Rhodes wanted to expand the British Empire because he believed that the Anglo-Saxon race was destined to greatness. In his last will and testament, Rhodes said of the British, “I contend that we are the finest race in the world and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes

36. The Boer Wars 1899 - 1902

37. “The Boer Wars were fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics, the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal Republic), founded by settlers known as Voortrekkers who made the Great Trek from the Cape Colony.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boer_War

39. Apartheid

42. Nelson Mandela Mandela spent 27 years in prison between 1962 and 1990