1. EDUCATION IN THAILAND Dr. Charuaypon Torranin Deputy Permanent Secretary for Education 24 March 2005

2. EDUCATION IN THAILAND QUANTITY AND QUALITY EDUCATION SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION EDUCATION REFORM

3. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2005 :Thailand ( UNESCO Report) During Year 2001/2002 Total Public Expenditure on education as % of GNP 5.1% Preprimary (GER%) 85.7% Primary (NER%) 86.7% Adult Literacy 92.6% Pupil/Teacher Ratio 19:1 Over All EFA index : Thailand ranks 60 from 190 countries in 2001 2

4. Thailand Education for All Report : Year 2001 ( UNESCO Report) 1. Thailand shows a strong financial Commitment To education (5.1% GNP) 3 2. Development is supported in Thailand through Extensive early childhood care and education (85.7%) 3. Primary education : Thousands of children remain out school in Thailand (86.3%)

5. Thailand Education for All UNESCO Report : Year 2001 4 4. Pupil/ Teachers Ratio, Primary education : Thailand has one of the lowest ratios in the region (19:1) 5. Secondary education : Despite steady progress, boys continue to out number girls in secondary education in Thailand : girls 80.7% : Boys 84.8% 6. Adult Literacy Rate (%) : Rates are high but a gender gap persists (15 Yrs up, Year 2000- 2004) female 90.5% male 94.9%

6. 2004 Ministry of Education Report 1. Number of Students : Year) 5 Age – Group Number Pre-primary education3 - 5 2,991,100 Primary education6 - 11 5,801,400 Secondary education12 - 17 5,772,500 Lower Secondary12 - 14 2,931,000 Upper Secondary15 - 17 2,841,500 Higher education18 - 21 3,938,700 Total3 - 21 18,503,800

7. 2. Number of Schooling (Year) MOE 2003 Report 6 Age Group 15 years up 15-21 yrs 15-59 yrs 60 years up 7.8 9.8 7.9 3.9 Year 2003

8. 3. Total Public Expenditure on Education 7 Total Budget GNP Education budget/GDP 251,234,000,000 Baht 4.0 as% of GNP MOE 2004 Report Year 2004 24.4%

9. 4. Number of Students MOE 2003 Report 8 Preprimary Primary 2,539,200 6,065,500 Year 2003 Secondary Ed - Lower Secondary 4,130,500 2,464,400 - Upper Secondary1,666,100 - General Ed1,059,800 - Vocational Ed 606,300 Higher Ed*1,462,400 *(Opened University is not included)

10. 5. Number of Students : Public : Private Schools MOE 2003 Report 9 85 : 15 89 : 11 92 : 8 85 : 15 Preprimary Primary Secondary - Lower Secondary - Upper Secondary 1,989,152 5,137,901 Year 2003 - General Ed - Vocational Ed Higher Ed Total PublicPrivatePublic: Private 3,677,457 2,263,284 1,414,173 991,699 422,474 801,169 11,605,679 550,023 927,643 453,041 201,124 251,917 68,093 183,824 394,485 2,325,192 78 : 22 94 : 6 70 : 30 67 : 33 87 : 17

11. 6. Continuing Education Ratio (per 1,000, Students) MOE 2003Report 10 Lower Secondary Upper Secondary - General Ed - Vocational Ed Higher Ed 95.8 85.8 53.5 32.9 2003 83.0 - Diploma - Undergraduate 44.7 41.3 Level

12. 7. Teacher : Students Ratio MOE 2004 Report 11 Preprimary Primary Lower Secondary Upper Secondary (General Ed) 1 : 20 1 : 19 1 : 21 Year 2004 Upper Secondary (Vocational Ed)1 : 31

13. 8. Students Existing Ratio MOE 2003 Report 11 Primary Ed Lower Secondary Upper Secondary 89.5% 90.3% 82.0% 86.7% 2003 - General Ed 73.6% - Vocational Ed

14. 9. Number of Formal Schools : MOE 2003 Report 13 2,685 1,617 587 171 Total Preprimary Ed Primary Lower Secondary Upper Secondary : General 50,089 44,760 Diploma TotalPublicPrivate 33,043 10,490 2,837 889 646 208 46,668 42,075 31,426 9,903 2,666 540 324 131 3,421 349 322 77 39 27 66 Upper Secondary : Vocational Bachelor Degree Master Bachelor’s + Doctorate Degree

15. 14 Types of Education in Thailand 1.Formal Education 2.Non-formal Education 3.Informal Education

16. 1.Formal Education Basic Education Higher Education 15

17. Basic Education Pre-primary education Primary education Secondary education - Lower secondary - Upper secondary 16

18. Higher Education Lower-than-Degree Level Degree Level 17

19. 2.Non-formal Education More flexible Adjusted to the needs of individual groups 18

20. 3.Informal Education #Learn by themselves # Learn from various sources 19

21. Education Administration and Management Central Level Educational Service Areas Educational Institutions 20

22. 21 MINSTRY OF EDUCATION : Organization Structure Permanent Secretary Office Office of Educational Council Office of Basic Education Office of Higher Education Office of Vocational Education

23. 22 Educational Service Areas (Local Admin) 175 education areas 200 schools/ area 300,000-500,000 people/area

24. 23 Educational Institutions Management Basic or lower than degree schooling - School boards - School based management Degree level - More independent management - Legal entities

25. EDUCATION REFORM Year2005 Objectives 1 :Economy-based society All-round and balanced human development Building a society of morality, wisdom and learning Development of the social environment 24

26. 25 OBJECTIVE 2: All-Round and Balanced Human Delopment - Access for all - Access for all - Teaching-learning reform - Teaching-learning reform -Values education-morality, integrity, ethics -Values education-morality, integrity, ethics - Manpower development Guidelines

27. 26 OBJECTIVE 3: Building a Society of Morality, Wisdom and Learning Develop a learning societyDevelop a learning society Promote research and developmentPromote research and development Create,apply and disseminate knowledgeCreate,apply and disseminate knowledge Guidelines

28. 27 Objective4 : Development of the Social Environment Guidelines Promote and create social and cultural capitalPromote and create social and cultural capital Develop technologiesDevelop technologies Address issues of social injusticeAddress issues of social injustice

29. 2.Strategic Action Plan Mission 1. Strengthen access to education for all 2. Establish an efficient system of quality education 3. Raise educational standards to enhance competitiveness at an international level 28

30. - Increase access to Basic Education services for All services for All - Strengthen Vocational Education provison - Strengthen Higher Education provision - Promote and facilitate public lifelong learning learning Mission: 1. Strengthening Access to Education for All Tasks 29

31. Mission 1. Strengthening Access to Education for All Achievements (continue) - 14 years free education - Mobile teaching units - Partnerships with private sector - Community Learning Centres (CLCs) (CLCs) 30

32. Mission 2. Establishing and Efficient System of Quality Education - Reform the learning process for knowledge based livelihood - Build capacity in teachers, faculty staff and educational personnel staff and educational personnel - Strengthen management systems - Improve resource management Tasks 30

33. Mission 2. Establishing and Efficient System of Quality Education(continue) - Structural reform - Decentralization of authority - Training of teachers, faculty staff and education administrators - Introduction of School-based Management (SBM) education administrators - Introduction of School-based Management (SBM) Achievements 32

34. Mission 3 : Raising Educational Standards to Enhance Competitiveness at the International Level - Develop educational standards equal to those of developed countries - Increase capacity for research and development - Develop innovations and technologies Tasks 33

35. Mission 3: Raising Educational Standards to Enhance Competitiveness at the International Level (continued) - Establishing institutional linkages for research - Setting up infrastructure in schools - Establishing networks (e.g. SchoolNet) - Teacher Training (materials development) Achievements 34

36. OUTSTANDING EUCATION REFORM PROJECTS - One district, One Perfect School - One District, One University Scholarship - Free 14 years- basic education 35

37. Thank you 36