1. What’s the Matter?!? (Describing Matter Unit)

2. What does our standard say? Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter. We will start with element: c) Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas states

3. Is It Matter? Which of these are matter and which are not? rockssaltbaby powder MarsmilkJupiter airsteamlight dustheatlove cellswatersound waves atomsoxygengravity electricitysmokemagnetic force

4. Write a rule. What rule did you use to decide if something is matter or not?

5. What is matter? Unlike energy, matter is… anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume.)

6. Matter can exist in 4 different states: Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

7. Let’s Investigate!!! You’ll need to do some investigation of matter and draw some of your own conclusions. You’ll be using some solids, a liquid, and a gas.

8. For now… you don’t need to investigate the state of matter called “plasma.” Even though most of the matter in the universe is made up of plasma, we will come back to it later.

9. You will be given a collection of matter: List each of the objects in your composition book. Next to it, with your partner, describe it in as many ways as you can. In a few minutes we will compare our notes as a class. After we have shared, copy the table on the next slide and fill out the yellow part. We will compare answers. Description

10. Make a chart to record what you find out. (For now, you will only work on the yellow columns.) Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

11. Did you figure them out correctly? Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Yes Liquid Yes No, it takes the shape of the container Gas No No, it fills whatever space you give it Plasma

12. Let’s find out about the distance between the particles in a solid, a liquid, and a gas. 1.In groups we will draw pictures to show how far apart we think the particles are in a solid, liquid or gas. 2.We will do “How Close are the Particles” POE

13. POE: How Close are the Particles? Question: How close are the particles in a liquid compared to a gas? P: Air in the syringeAfter pushing on the plunger O: E:

14. P: Water in the syringeAfter pushing the plunger O: E:

15. P: Marshmallow in syringeAfter pushing the plunger O: E:

16. What if the syringe was filled with solid concrete. How far down would the plunger go? So, how does the distance between particles compare among solids, liquids, and gases? Go back and fill in the chart.

17. Did you figure them out correctly? Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Yes Close Liquid Yes No, it takes the shape of the container Close Gas No No, it fills whatever space you give it Far apart Plasma

18. What is the motion of the particles like? 1.“Time for Tea” lab. 2.Let’s see a simulation on a great website, www.pHet.colorado.edu www.pHet.colorado.edu

19. Did you figure them out correctly? Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Yes Close Vibrate in place in an orderly arrangement Liquid Yes No, it takes the shape of the container Close Flow around each other Gas No No, it fills whatever space you give it Far apart Fast and colliding Plasma

20. How can we cartoon to show the distance between the particles and the motion of the particles in a solid, a liquid, and a gas?

21. Let’s play a game called… Science Sez

22. Attraction between particles 1.Depends mostly on their distance apart. The farther apart, the less attraction. 2.So…. Which 2 states of matter have particles that are strongly attracted to each other. Which one are they not as attracted to each other?

23. Did you figure them out correctly? Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Yes Close Vibrate in place in orderly arrangment Strongly attracted Liquid Yes No, it takes the shape of the container Close Flow around each other Strongly attracted Gas No No, it fills whatever space you give it Far apart Fast and colliding Somewhat attracted Plasma

24. A Phase Change Diagram: You’ll need to draw this in your composition book. See page 80.)

25. Between what phases do these happen? Condensation Evaporation Vaporization Melting point/Freezing point Boiling point Sublimation Is heat energy being added or removed with each process?

26. Do all substances melt or boil at the same temperature? Substance Melting/Freezing Point o C Boiling Point o C Water0100 Hydrogen-259-253 Iron15362860 Lead3271740 Oxygen-218-183

27. SubstanceMelting/ Freezing Point o C Boiling Point o C Water0100 Hydro- gen -259-253 Iron15362860 Lead3271740 Oxygen-218-183 Earth’s temperature ranges from -88 to 58 o C. What state of matter would each substance be in? Saturn has a surface temperature of -176 o C. What about substances there? Neptune’s surface is -218 o C. What about substances there?

28. PLASMA Plasma is a very hot gas that is made of electrically charged particles. A plasma conducts electrical currents. There is plasma in stars, lightning, and fluorescent lights. The universe is about 99% plasma!! It was discovered in 1879.

29. Where is plasma found? Fluorescent lamps and neon signs Welding arcs Lightning The upper atmosphere (the ionosphere) Stars and the Sun the solar wind interstellar gas clouds The fireball made by a nuclear weapon Comet tails

30. Did you figure them out correctly? Phase of matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Distance between particles Movement of particles Attraction between particles Solid Yes Close Vibrate in place in orderly arrangement Strongly attracted Liquid Yes No, it takes the shape of the container Close Flow around each other Strongly attracted Gas No No, it fills whatever space you give it Far apart Fast and colliding Little Attraction Plasma No Very far apart Extremely fastNo attraction