1. 0 DRAFT WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program : Overview & Status Update February 28. 2005

2. 1 Outline of Presentation Introduction Background –Air Quality Challenges in the WRAP region –Available Strategies to Reduce Emissions from Existing Diesel Engines WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program Approach Actions Completed Actions Underway Contacts for more information

3. 2 Introduction The WRAP Mobile Sources Forum (MSF) is responsible for investigating/recommending mobile source control measures to member states and tribes to address regional haze and other air quality issues The MSF has chosen to focus on existing offroad diesel engines because they are a growing source of regional haze precursors The goal of the WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program is to promote the reduction from existing offroad diesel engines by providing a wide variety of professional support services to WRAP members and equipment owners/operators

4. 3Background Offroad emissions are expected to exceed onroad emissions by 2013 for NOx and already exceed onroad emissions for PM 2.5. Although new and stringent standards are being implemented for offroad sources, phase-in does not begin until 2011 and may not be complete until 2030+. Retrofit programs accelerate environmental and public health benefits and provide flexibility to implementation plans and industry compliance. Technological and administrative options for retrofits are available and rapidly growing.

5. 4Background Worldwide, exhaust controls have been added for 25 years to over 270,000 offroad engines of almost all types -- agriculture being the primary exception. Offroad retrofits pose unique challenges due to wide range of sizes and operating conditions. But a growing variety of strategies exist to significant reduce emissions from existing offroad equipment

6. 5 WRAP Defines the Term “Retrofit” to Include... Retrofit -- Exhaust Emission Control Technology (DOCs, DPFs, crankcase emission controls, LNC, EGR and SCR) crankcase controls, EGR Refuel -- ULSD, biodiesel, emulsion, electrification, CNG Rebuild -- Repair, tune-up, Repower -- I nstall new engine in existing equipment Replace -- Retire existing equipment and purchase new equipment Reduce -- Limit idling and operation changes designed to reduce emissions

7. 6 PM 2.5 Emissions in the WRAP Region (tons per year, including NV but not AK) Tier IV offroad exhaust stds not included 83% of offroad from diesel Area sources comprised mostly of agriculture, construction, and residential wood combustion Different types of PM have different visibility impacts

8. 7 SO 2 Emissions in the WRAP Region (tons per year, including NV but not AK) Assumes 15 ppm fuel sulfur and 9-state Annex 99% of offroad from diesel

9. 8 VOC Emissions in the WRAP Region (tons per year, including NV but not AK) 28% of offroad is from diesel Area sources comprised mostly of surface coating, other solvent use, residential wood combustion, and petro storage VOCs contribute to secondary PM

10. 9 NOx Emissions in the WRAP Region (tons per year, including NV but not AK) 93% of offroad is from diesel

11. 10 Hypothetical Acceleration of NOx Reductions Due to In-Use Programs

12. 11 1996 Offroad Emissions by Sector (June 2000 NONROAD Model)

13. 12 1996 Offroad NOx Emissions (June 2000 NONROAD Model)

14. 13 Class I Areas with the Greatest Contribution of Agricultural Equipment to Nearby NOx Emissions (1996) 4 8 61 2 3 7 9 10 5

15. 14 8 7 1 3 6 9 2 5 4 10 Class I Areas with the Greatest Contribution of Construction & Mining Equipment to Nearby NOx Emissions (1996)

16. 15 Class I Areas with the Greatest Contribution of Locomotive & Railroad Equipment to Nearby NOx Emissions (1996) 4 10 7 1 3 5 6 9 2 8

17. 16 IMPROVE Monitoring Data Percentages are higher when natural sources of haze are excluded On some of the worst days on the Colorado Plateau, nitrate is 40- 60% WRAP “Attribution of Haze” project to provide more detail on source contributions Percent of Light Extinction Due to Ammonium Nitrate on the 20% Worst Days (2001)

18. 17 IMPROVE Monitoring Data Percent of Light Extinction Due to Ammonium Nitrate on the 20% Worst Days (2002)

19. 18 IMPROVE Monitoring Data Percent of Light Extinction Due to Elemental Carbon on the 20% Worst Days (2001)

20. 19 IMPROVE Monitoring Data Percent of Light Extinction Due to Elemental Carbon on the 20% Worst Days (2002)

21. 20 Examples of Off-Road Materials Handling and Construction Equipment

22. 21 Retrofit Effectiveness

23. 22 WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program Approach Provide WRAP member states and tribes, as well as equipment owners and operators, a wide variety of professional services including: Written guidance, including a Retrofit Guidance Document Technical support for program planning and implementation Outreach services & material Identify sources of project funding & project partners Monitor/report on retrofit technology and program developments Help plan/coordinate regional retrofit initiatives Organize/Participate in Workshops/Conferences

24. 23 WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program Accomplishments Survey to identify needs and program priorities of WRAP members WRAP Member Workshop Provide information on retrofit technology/program developments Discuss overall WRAP Retrofit Program goals & objectives Set the direction & priorities for upcoming activities Technical assistance to WRAP member states in seeking grant funding (Denver D.I.R.T offroad program (funding awarded) & Idaho Agricultural Project [Lee, did I hear you say at the workshop that the Idaho DEQ was successful in its Sensitive Population EPA grant application?] Issued the first edition of the WRAP Offroad Retrofit Update

25. 24 WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program: Examples of Initiatives Underway Preparing the WRAP Retrofit Guidance Document Provide guidance to WRAP members on the major elements needed to develop a well-structured retrofit program Introduce basic descriptions of retrofit strategies and their fits with specific applications Provide summaries of current program and technology experience Information in document will also be helpful in outreach to equipment owners/operators

26. 25 WRAP Offroad Retrofit Program: Examples of Initiatives Underway (con’t) Collecting internet links for relevant educational material Developing a comprehensive list of relevant conferences, workshops and meetings Gather information on potential funding sources for offroad retrofit projects

27. 26 For More Information... Suggest putting links to the relevant WRAP websites and contact information for WRAP project manager and/or Emissions Advantage