1. ENVE 420 Industrial Pollution Control Sources and Characteristics of Wastewaters Industrial Waste Survey Dr. Aslıhan Kerç

2. Sources and Characteristics of Wastewaters In any plant there will be statistical variation in waste-flow characteristics. Variations depend on: – Diversity of products manufactured – Process operations – Process type (batch or continuous)

3. Sources and Characteristics of Wastewaters Wide variation in waste flow and characteristics will also appear among similar industries. Due to: - Difference in housekeeping - Water reuse - Variations in production processes Waste loadings and their variations should be determined by industrial waste surveys

4. INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY Develop a flow and material balance for all processes - using water - producing wastes Establish the variation in waste characteristics - from specific process operations - from the whole plant

5. Survey Results are used to determine: - Possibilities for water conservation and resue - Variations in flow and in strength (important information for the design of treatment facilities) INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY

6. Steps of Industrial Waste Survey STEP 1 Develop a sewer map. Consult with the plant engineer, inspect various process operations. On the map: - indicate possible sampling stations - indicate estimated flow rates.

7. Steps of Industrial Waste Survey STEP 2 Establish sampling and analysis schedule Prefer composite samples weighted according to flow. Period and frequency of sampling should be established according to the process. e.g. Hourly composited on 8, 12.. 24 h basis If characteristics highly fluctuate  1h or 2h composite Samples from batch processes should be composited during the course of the batch dump.

8. Steps of Industrial Waste Survey STEP 3 Develop a flow and mateerial balance diagram - Collect survey data - Analyze samples - Flow-material balance diagram that considers all significant sources of waste discharge.

9. Steps of Industrial Waste Survey STEP 4 Establish statistical variation in significant waste characteristics.