1. NR 422- Management and Fire Jim Graham Spring 2009

2. Multi-Use Management Priorities: –Biodiversity –Recreation/Cultural –Agriculture & Livestock –Geology Issues: –Economy –Political agendas –Public perception –Legal –History

3. Biodiversity Priorities: –Maintain/restore pristine habitat –Maximize biodiversity (rare) –Disease Management elements: –Pristine habitat –Minimal human impact Disturbance Pollution –Natural Fire Regimes –Natural Flood Regimes

4. Recreation Hunting and Fishing –Native vs. non-native species Boating: –Water skiing –Canoeing –Sailing Snowmobiling, ATVs Hiking, Snowshoeing and Camping Residences

5. Recreation Priorities: –Economy –Impact Management Tools: –Access –Fees –Education –Regulations

6. Agriculture and Livestock Issues: –Maintain stocks –Economy –Legal issues –Overgrazing (grassland to mesquite) Management Tools: –Fees –Access –Fire

7. Geology Priorities: –Economy –Impact Tools: –Licenses –Regulation –Mitigation

8. Multi-Use Management Question: –What management activities should take place to best meet priorities? –Where? –When?

9. Management Tools Human access and activities Grazing, harvesting Restoration: removal and establishment Education Fees & Licenses Flood regulation Fire Regulations

10. Impacts Invasive species/disease Human impact: habitat loss/disturbance, pollution, poaching Climate change

11. How do you make a fire? Paper Dry kindling Match Blow on it! Add larger fuels

12. What makes fire? Fuels –Fuel type and quantity –Fuel moisture Ignition –Lighting –Campfires/Cigarettes –Arson

13. What keeps it going? More fuel Wind –Up slopes Lack of moisture –Rain –Humidity –Sun (aspect)

14. Fire Fuels Ground –Grass –Litter Latter fuels Canopy

15. Fuel Moisture – Dead Fuels 10-h, ½" diameter 100-h, 1-3" diameter 1000-h, 3-8" diameter Wildland Fire Assessment System

16. Topography Slope: Fires travel upslope Aspect: Sun exposure Elevation: Oxygen?

17. Weather Wind: Single most important factor –Drives fire Rain: Stops fire Humidity: Slows fire

18. Managing Fire Current Trends: –Restoring the natural fire regime –Protecting property Tools: –Prescribed fires –Harvesting/Fuel removal –Fire suppression

19. Fire Software FARSITE: Fire dynamics BEHAVE+: Species behavior models FLAMMAP: Same structures as FARSITE but no temporal modeling