1. Nathan Krohne COLOR BLINDNESS

2. DISCOVERY John Dalton, an English chemist, was the first to report the disorder. First general condition of color blindness was called Daltonism Dalton believed that a colored liquid inside the eyeball. Scientists dissected his eye. proved wrong after his death.

3. NEW THEORY Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz were the first to propose trichromatic color vision. By 1850 Thomas and Hermann expanded the theory further. The theory wasn’t proven until 1958. By 1983 the theory was complete. Thomas Young Herman Van Helmholtz

4. ETIOLOGY 8% European decent 4% African American decent.4% of women. X-linked recessive inheritance trait Effects of color blindness can vary from mild to severe depending upon the defected gene. Red-Green colorblindness accounts for 6% of men with the disorder

5. SYMPTOMS May be able to see some colors but not others. Harder to detect than one might think, particularly in children. A colorblind person may only be able to see a few shades of color, whereas others can see thousands of shades of color. Red-Green Colorblind Normal Color

6. COLORBLIND TESTS Most popular is Ishihara Plate test. 38 images of random colored circles. Originally made for Japanese Army. Farnsworth Lantern Test Used by the Navy, Marines, and coast Guard. Involves colored signals that have to be identified from a distance

7. SOMATIC GENE THERAPY Works by delivering therapeutic DNA into a patient's cells Somatic gene therapy = DNA to somatic cells, or non-sex cells. will only affect the individual, not the next generation. currently over 600 experiments of somatic cell gene therapy in the United States. only for treatment; complete cure of the mutated gene is not yet available.

8. GERMLINE GENE THERAPY Works by joining a modified gene with germ cells to form a zygote. Germline gene therapy= intended for sex cells only. Heritable and passed on to later generations. Ethical reasons and risk to future generations may prohibit Germline gene therapy Tremendous advancements since the first experiment in 1990. Genetic engineering.

9. SOCIETY ON COLORBLINDNESS No discrimination. A lot of misconceptions. Difficulties reading color-coded maps. Difficult or impossible to get certain occupations.

10. WORK CITED Color Blindness. (2010, May 14). What is Color Blindness. Retrieved February 10, 2014, from Colour-Blindness: http://www.colour-blindness.com/ Evans, A. (2008). Color Is In The Eye Of The Beholder. Boston, massachusetts: CVD Publishing. Kennard, J. (2007, Janurary 7). Color Blindness in Men. Mens Health. Retrieved February 10, 2014, from About.MensHealth: MensHealth.about.com MedicineNet. (2012, May 14). Color Blindness. Retrieved February 9, 2014, from MedicineNet: MedicineNet.com Phillips, R. H. (1995). Coping With Colorblindness (Vol. 1). New York City, New York: Avery. Wearecolorblind. (2012, Janurary 10). A introduction to colorblindness. Retrieved February 9, 2014, from Wearecolorblind: Wearecolorblind.com WebMD. (2011, April 2011). Eye Health Care. Retrieved Feburary 9, 2014, from WebMD.com Williams, P. (2010). Color Blind A Memoir. New York City, New York: St. Martins Pres.