1. Topic: All about Acids and Bases Do Now:

2. Acids

3. IDENTIFY an Acid Covalent Formulas that start with H (exception: H 2 O 2 and H 2 O) or end with COOH Table K

4. Acids Properties of Acids 1.Sour taste 2.Electrolytes: - ionize in water =conduct electric current - HCl  H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) - HNO 3  H + (aq) + NO 3 - (aq) 3.React with bases to form water and salt (Neutralization Reaction) 4.React with most metals to produce H 2 (g) and a salt 1.Why not all metals? HINT: Table J dd 5.Acids turn litmus red HCl + Mg  MgCl 2 + H 2 2

5. Arrhenius Acid Substance that contains hydrogen & produces H +1 ions in aqueous solution Substance that contains hydrogen & produces H +1 ions in aqueous solution H +1 HCl(g)  H +1 (aq) + Cl -1 (aq) H +1 HNO 3  H +1 (aq) + NO 3 -1 (aq) An in H + ions makes the solution Acidic H2OH2O H2OH2O

6. Naming Binary Acids Hydro + stem of nonmetal + ic Hydro + stem of nonmetal + ic HF = ? HCl = ? H 2 S = ? Hydrofluoric acid Hydrochloric acid Hydrosulfic acid

7. Not all acids are created equal Strong acids completely dissociate – HCl  H + + Cl - – HNO 3  H + + NO 3 - – HBr  H + + Br - – HI  H + + I - Weak acids – HF – CH 3 COOH Acetic acid Ethanoic acid

8. Strong acid in water = almost no original HA left all converted to H 3 O + and A -

9. Weak Acid

10. Which would be a better electrolyte? HFor HI HCl or CH 3 COOH

11. Car Batteries Car batteries are typically made of plates of lead and separate lead dioxide plates what are submerged into an solution of about 65% water and 35% H 2 SO 4 WHY do you think this is?

12. Bases

13. IDENTIFY a Base Covalent Formulas metal + OH (exception:NH 3 it’s a base too) Table L NOTWHY? CH 3 OH is NOT a base. WHY?

14. Bases Properties of Bases 1.Bitter taste 2.Slippery or soapy feeling – Caustic – dissolve your skin 3.Electrolytes – NaOH  Na + (aq) + OH - (aq) 4.React with acids to produce water and salt 5.Bb 5.Bases turn litmus blue

15. Arrhenius Base substance that contains hydroxide group & produces OH -1 ions in aqueous solution (expect NH 3 it’s a base too) substance that contains hydroxide group & produces OH -1 ions in aqueous solution (expect NH 3 it’s a base too) OH -1 NaOH(s)  Na +1 (aq) + OH -1 (aq)

16. THERE IS A LIMITATION TO THIS MODEL… – NH 3 is a base but it doesn ’ t contain OH -1 but it produces OH -1 :NH 3 + H 2 O :NH 3 + H 2 O  NH 4 +1 + OH -1

17. Naming Bases Name the metal + hydroxide Name the metal + hydroxide NaOH = ? Ca(OH) 2 = ? Mg(OH) 2 = ? Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide

18. Not all bases are created equal Strong bases 100% dissociate Group 1 and Group 2 metals + OH are considered Strong bases – NaOH  Na + (aq) + OH - (aq) Weak bases – NH 3

19. REVIEW Acids: start with H or end with COOH – Produces H + ions – Turn litmus red Bases: metal + OH – Produces OH - ions – Turn litmus blue