1. Nervous System

2. Functions of the Nervous System 1.Receives information from outside and inside the body 2. Responds to the information 3. Helps the body maintain homeostasis

3. School House Rock Telegraph Video

4. Vocabulary to Know Homeostasis –Maintaining steady conditions inside an organism, despite changes in its environment

5. 2 parts of the nervous system

6. II. central nervous system – - brain and spinal cord. The Nervous System – 2 Parts I. peripheral nervous system - all the nerves outside the CNS.

9. I. Peripheral Nervous System - Connects body to brain & spinal cord Made of: Neurons / Nerve Cells –Basic functioning units of the nervous system

10. Draw in notebook to label as discussed.

11. Nerve Cells / Nerve Tissue

12. Nerve Cells Axons carry impulses away from the cell body.

13. Nerve Cells Dendrites They grow when you learn.

15. Synapse - A small space between neurons Neurotransmitters – Chemical messages that jump the synapse. Synapses

16. Impulse - A message carried by a neuron.

17. An impulse moves in only one direction across a synapse - from an axon to the dendrites or cell body of another neuron.

19. Types of neurons Sensory neurons – Picks up messages from the senses. Inter-neurons – In spinal cord or brain and transfers messages to the motor neurons. Motor neurons - Sends impulses to muscle s.

20. II. The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord List the 3 parts of the brain.

21. Pushing the Limits – Brain 43

22. The Brain The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord Brain Recognition

23. The Brain Coordinates body activities Made up of approximately 100 billion neurons Divided into three major parts- –the cerebrum –the cerebellum –the brain stem.

25. Cerebrum

26. - Largest part of the brain.Cerebrum - Interprets senses, stores memory. The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord Interactive

28. - Maintains balance, muscle movement, & coordination Cerebellum The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/brain/brain.html

29. Cerebellum

30. -At the base of the brain - controls your involuntary functions. Brain Stem (Medulla) - The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord

31. Brain Stem

34. Memory Games Short Term Memory Test Short Term Memory Picture Test

36. Spinal Cord - The link between your brain and peripheral nervous system The Central Nervous System – Brain and Spinal Cord

37. Research Visit the Glencoe Science Web site at tx.science. glencoe.co m for more information about the nervous system. Make a brochure outlining recent medical advances. tx.science. glencoe.co m The Peripheral Nervous System Your brain and spinal cord are connected to the rest of your body by the peripheral nervous system. The PNS is made up of 12 pairs of nerves from your brain called cranial nerves, and 31 pairs from your spinal cord called spinal nerves. Spinal nerves are made up of bundles of sensory and motor neurons bound together by connective tissue. For this reason, a single spinal nerve can have impulses going to and from the brain at the same time. Some nerves contain only sensory neurons, and some contain only motor neurons, but most nerves contain both types of neurons. Somatic and Autonomic Systems The peripheral nervous system has two major divisions. The somatic system controls voluntary actions. It is made up of the cranial and spinal nerves that go from the central nervous system to your skeletal muscles. The autonomic system controls involuntary actions- those not under conscious control- such as your heart rate, breathing, digestion, and glandular functions. These two divisions, along with the central nervous system, make up your body's nervous system.

38. Reflexes reflex -an involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus. You can’t control reflexes because they occur before you know what has happened. Reaction Time Activity

39. A reflex allows the body to respond without having to think about what action to take. Reflexes Reflex responses are controlled in your spinal cord, not in your brain. How the Body Works

40. Senses Sight Tasting Hearing Touching Smelling

41. How do you see? Cornea – shields the pupil and iris. Pupil – an opening that controls light needed to see. Iris – smooth muscle that controls pupil. Lens - Focuses the image on the retina. Retina – cells in the back of the eye that send nerve impulses to the brain.

42. Brain and Eye Working Together

43. Optical Illusions

44. More Illusions

45. What are “Optical Illusions?” http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/

46. Hearing

47. The Outer Ear Intercepts sound waves and funnels them down the ear canal to the middle ear.

48. Middle Ear hammer, anvil, and stirrup – sound waves change to vibrations.

49. The Inner Ear 1. cochlea - a fluid-filled structure like a snail’s shell with hair-like structures - pick up vibrations to send to brain. 2. Semi-circular Canal – controls balance.

50. Smell We smell molecules in the air.

51. Taste Taste buds on your tongue - sensory receptors for taste. Sweet, sour, bitter, salty

52. Touch six types of touch receptors in your skin- hot, cold, pain, pressure, touch, and one for fine touch. Touch Mapping Activity

54. Alcohol and Your Nervous System Alcohol is a depressant. Depressants – slow the body systems down. Reflexes are slowed down, vision is distorted, messages are sent to the brain by the sensory neurons slower and the motor neurons respond slower. BAC – Blood Alcohol Content http://www.abovetheinfluence.com/facts/drugs-alcohol.aspx?id=search_properAlcohol#

55. Caffeine and Your Nervous System Caffeine is a stimulant. Stimulant – a drug that speeds up the nervous system.

56. The Amazing Brain 49