1. Alexander’s Empire
Chapter 5
Section 4

2. Key Terms
Philip II
Macedonia
Alexander the Great
Darius

3. Philip Builds Macedonian Power
Macedonia- located just north of Greece
Lived in mountain villages and not city-states
Thought of themselves as Greeks
Greeks looked down on them as uncivilized

4. Philip’s Army 359 Philip II becomes king of Macedonia
Brilliant general and ruthless politician
Well trained army
Organized into phalanxes of 16 men across and 16 deep
Each had a 18 foot pike
Used fast moving cavalry to crush opponents

5. Conquest of Greece Demosthenes tried to warn Greeks about Philip
338 BC Macedonia defeats Greece
City-states retained self government
Greece under control of Philip

6. Conquest of Greece Philip wanted to invade Persia
336 BC stabbed and killed at his daughter’s wedding
Alexander became king
Over the next 13 years would be known as Alexander the Great

7. Alexander Defeats Persia
20 years old when he became king
Taught by Aristotle
Learned to ride a horse
Command troops
Thebes rebelled
Alexander destroyed the city
Killed 6,000 Thebans
Survivors sold into slavery
Used Thebes as an example

8. Invasion of Persia 334 BC uses 35,000 troops 40,000 Persians
Met a Grancius River
Alexander charged and defeated the Persians
Darius III-Persian king vowed to crush the invaders

9. Invasion of Persia 50-75,000 Persians to face Macedonians
Outnumbered Alexander orders his troops break through a weak point
Army charged straight at Darius
Darius fled followed by his army
Alexander had control over Anatolia

10. Conquering the Persian Empire
Darius tried to negotiate a truce
Alexander rejected the offer and announced he would conquer the whole Persian Empire
Alexander marched into Egypt in 332 BC
Welcomed as a liberator and crowned pharaoh

11. Conquering the Persian Empire
Founded Alexandria at the mouth of the Nile
Left Egypt for Mesopotamia
250,000 Persians
Fought near ancient Nineveh
Massive phalanx and cavalry charges crumble Persian lines
Alexander occupies Babylon

12. Alexander in India Ruled southwest Asia
326 BC Alexander and his army reached the Indus Valley
Indian army blocked his path
After 11 years and 11,000 miles Alexander agreed to turn back

13. Alexander in India 323 BC army reaches Babylon
Alexander announces an organization to his empire
Constructs cities, roads, harbors and conquer Arabia
Alexander get sick and dies at age 32

14. Alexander’s Legacy Alexander’s generals fought to control the empire
3 leaders won out
Antigonus- Macedonia and Greek city-states
Ptolemy-took title of pharaoh
Selecus-took most of old Persian Empire
Governed with complete power ignore democracy

15. Alexander’s Legacy Alexander adopted Persian dress
Married a Persian women
Included Persians and other peoples in his army
New culture emerged a blend of Greek and Eastern customs