1. HST 112 Lecture 2 Enlightenment and Revolution Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1776 Start of Amer. Rev. 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798 Napoleon in Egypt I.Napoleon in Egypt – 1798-99 II.The Enlightenment 1700s III.The French Revolution 1789  IV.Napoleon in Egypt

2. I. Napoleon in Egypt Timeline 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1793-1794 Reign of Terror in France 1794-1799 Directory runs France 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt I.Napoleon in Egypt – 1798-99 -- Brief Bio. of Napoleon -- Why Egypt? -- Why Bring 1000 civilians with him?

3. Napoleon Bonaparte

5. II. The Enlightenment Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1776 Start of Amer. Rev. 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt A.A Cluster of Ideas in 18 th Century Europe -- Cosmopolitan (All over Europe) -- Rational (Theory of Knowledge) -- Just Government (Contract theory)

6. II. The Enlightenment cont’d Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1776 Start of Amer. Rev. 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt B. Three Basic Characteristics of Enlightenment 1. Reason is natural (but corrupted) 2. Nature is good not supernatural not unnatural

7. II. The Enlightenment cont’d Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1776 Start of Amer. Rev. 1784 Kant’s What is Enlightenment? 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt B. Three Basic Characteristics of Enlightenment 3. Belief in PROGRESS Progress has NOT always been self- evident

8. II. The Enlightenment cont’d Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1759 Voltaire’s Candide 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt C. Not a Consistent Doctrine 1. Church survives 2. Historical Pessimism Exists (Voltaire) 3. How Much Reform and How Fast? From Enlightened Despotism to radical democracy

9. III. The French Revolution Timeline 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1789-1791 Reduce Royal Power 1791-1793 Republic, Regicide and Foreign War 1793-1794 Terror 1794-1799 Thermidorian Reaction, Directory 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt A. Political Agenda for Our Times -- liberal and conservative politics -- nationalism -- code of laws -- scientific and technical organization of society and military -- exported to the world

10. III. The French Revolution Timeline 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1789-1791 Reduce Royal Power 1791-1793 Republic and Regicide and Foreign War 1793-1794 Terror 1794-1799 Thermidorian Reaction, Directory 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt B.Why is it so important? A.Most powerful and populous state of Europe B.Social Revolution -- all Estates involved -- radical (sans-culottes) C. Set out to Change the World with its Armies and Ideas

11. IV. Napoleon in Egypt Timeline 1686 Newton’s Principia 1751-1772 Encyclopedie (28 volumes) 1759 Voltaire’s Candide 1789 Start of the Fr. Rev. 1798-99 Napoleon in Egypt Why did Napoleon go to Egypt? Why bring 151 scholars with him? What does this tell us about French (and Enlightened) attitudes towards other cultures? Examine images from the Description of Egypt. What do they suggest about what the French were doing?