1. Concept Development - Hybrid Concept Development - Hybrid ● Lee et al (2003) described the process of concept development on Family Resilience: ● Theoretical Phase = in-depth literature review ● Fieldwork (Empirical) Phase = in-depth interviews ● Analytical Phase = integration of both above to achieve a final definition of the concept of family resilience

2. RESULTS ● DEFINITION: Enduring force that leads a family to change its functioning dynamics in order to solve problems encountered. ● 21 conceptual attributes identified from data in 4 dimensions: ● Intrinsic family characteristics ● Family member orientation to #1 ● Responsiveness to stress ● External orientation

3. FINAL VISUAL MODEL

4. ATTRIBUTE STRUCTURE

5. CONCEPT SYNTHESIS ● Golberg (1998) explored the meaning of Spirituality in nursing Process of Concept Synthesis: ● Discovering new meaning for old concepts ● Searching for similarities and discrepancies among sets of related concepts ● Observing previously undescribed phenonoma

6. CONCEPTS from Literature ● Meaning ● Presencing ● Empathy & Compassion ● Giving Hope ● Love ● Religion/Transcendence ● Touch ● Healing

7. SYNTHESIZING ● All these concepts were products of relationships: ● PHYSICAL RELATIONSHIP ● - Presencing, Touch, Healing ● EMOTIONAL RELATIONSHIP ● - Meaning, Empathy/Compassion, Hope, Love, Religion/Transcendence ● SOME FIT BOTH eg Healing

8. MAKING SENSE OF IT ● Authors decided their categories of Physical (Soma) and Emotional (Psyche) were artificial when looking at Spirituality ● Decided to collapse the two into one = CONNECTION ● Spirit could not be subsumed into physical, emotional, or even mental – it is equal and thus inseparable from physical and mental care – requires just as much care.

9. SUMMARY ● The Reductionist approach used in the beginning of this study did not suit the Holistic topic of Spirituality ● It is actually a disservice to try to reduce the human into Body-Mind-Spirit ● The categorization is artificial, even damaging since it causes us to focus on the language rather than the essence