1. Notes: IASI O 3 band matching TES: 985 to 1080 cm -1 IASI / FORLI spectral resolution: 0.25cm -1  Fourier Transf. before any calculations  0.0025cm -1 All angles refer to nadir view Tropopause = WMO definition for both IASI & TES All global maps refer to 15 July 2009

2. Anisotropy – 1 pt. G.Q. (41°nadir)

4. Direct dL/dq integration: For direct dL/dq integration, Eq. (1) * Uses 5 angles to create “slices” & integrate * Angles match the 5pt. G.Q. angles Anisotropy MethodExtra term = ΔRF (incl. -)

5. Direct dL/dq integration

7. Direct dL/dq – Anisotropy = ΔRF >0 >0  Anisotropy Overestimates <0 <0  Anisotropy Underestimates ~ +30% ~ -30% ** Initial RF values are negative

8. One Scan line

9. ** Initial RF values are negative Direct dL/dq – Anisotropy = ΔRF >0 >0  Anisotropy Overestimates <0 <0  Anisotropy Underestimates

10. Angular dependence of ΔRF on Nadir angle & Anisotropy 1pt. G.Q.

11. IASI/FORLI vs TES - IRKs Signs switched to + Raw data – as taken from initial files – no change of vertical grid IASI / FORLI TOA considered 40km – last layer not taken into account in calculations – direct dL/dq integration TES top nearest alt. to 40km - Anisotropy

12. IASI & TES – 0 to 40 km – Raw Data Total toa RF (-W/m 2 ) 1 day: 15 July 2009 IASI all angles w/ direct dL/dq integration TES w/ Anisotropy method Colocation: IASI = TES ± 0.5°lat IASI = TES ± 0.5°lon UTC time: 0 < TES – IASI <= 6h ** Signs switched to +

13. IASI & TES – 0 to 40 km – Raw Data Total toa RF (-W/m 2 ) 1 day: 15 July 2009 Overall bias: 0,2745 –W/m 2 (~ 10.53% IASI higher) ** Signs switched to + ** Need to go on common vertical grid **

14. IASI & TES – Raw Data Tropospheric toa RF (-W/m 2 ) 1 day: 15 July 2009 IASI all angles w/ direct dL/dq integration TES w/ Anisotropy method Colocation: IASI = TES ± 0.5°lat IASI = TES ± 0.5°lon UTC time: 0 < TES – IASI <= 6h ** Signs switched to +

15. Direct dL/dq integration = Anisotropy Method + ΔRF Time & Resources expensive Surface Fitting For Total toa RF: x = nadir angle y = Total toa RF calculated by the Anisotropy method ** Parameters A, B, C, D & E determined by the fit.

16. Surface Fit Compared to Anisotropy for total toa RF Only Anisotropy Anisotropy + Surf. Fit Range: -0.4 to +0.2 W/m 2 Anisotropy + Surface Fit: Improves total toa RF Doesn’t work as well for Tropo Function needs improvement (?)