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India and South East Asia
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CHRONOLOGY 2,600 – 1,900 BCE: Indus Valley (Harappa) Civilization 1,750 – 322 BCE: Vedic Period c. 563 – 483 BCE: Shakyamuni Buddha 322 – 185 BCE: Maurya Dynasty 185 BCE – 50 CE: Shunga Dynasty 185 BCE – 50 CE: Early Andhra Dynasty 1 st century – 3 rd century CE: Kushan Dynasty c. 30 BCE – 433 CE: Later Andhra Dynasty c. 320 – 480 CE: Gupta Period Mid 9 th century – late 13 th century CE: Chola Dynasty
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Harappan 3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE
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Square Stamp Seal of a Zebu Date: C. 2300-1750 BCE Medium: White Steatite Location; Mohenjo Daro, Indus Valley.
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Bearded Man Date: c. 2000 BCE Medium: Limestone Location: Mohenjo Daro, Indus Valley.
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Dancing Girl Date: c. 2300-1750 BCE Medium: Bronze Location: Mohenjo Daro, Indus Valley
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Hinduism EST. 1000-500 BCE
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Shiva Nataraja, in the Cosmic Dance Date 12 th Century CE Medium: Bronze Location: Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India Circle of Flames Dwarf Feet Indicating Motion Finger Pointing to Foot Drum Fire
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Parvati Date: 12 th Century Medium: Stone Location: India
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Dancing Ganesh Date: 11 th C. Medium: Stone Location: North Bengal
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Vishnu Date: 8 th Century Medium: Copper Location: Andhra Padesh or Tamil Nadu, India Conch Wheel Club Lotus Flower Crown Sacred Thread
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God Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi Date: 1000 CE Medium: Sandstone Location: India
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Hindu Architecture Residence of a God Northern Style and Southern Style
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Northern Style Temple
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Vishvanatha temple, Khajuraho Date: Chandella dynasty, c. 1,000 CE Location: Madhya Pradesh, India
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Southern Style Temple
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Rajarajeshvara Temple to Shiva, Thanjavur Date: Chola dynasty, 1,003–1,010 CE Location: Tamil Nadu, India
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Buddhism The Enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama Est. around 1 st Century C.E.
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Buddha Preaching the First Sermon Date: 5 th Century Medium: Sandstone Location: Archaeological Museum Sarnath, India Lotus Position BodhisattavaUshnisha Urna Elongated Ears Mudra Wheel on Bottom of feet Predella
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Gandhara School Standing Buddha Medium: Schist Date: Kushan period, c. 2nd–3rd century CE Location: Gandhara, Pakistan.
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Buddhist Architecture The Stupa
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Great Stupa, Sanchi Date: Founded 3rd century BCE, enlarged c. 150–50 BCE Location: Madhya Pradesh, India
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East torana of the Great Stupa at Sanchi Medium: Stone Date: Early Andhra period, mid-1st century BCE
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Yakshi bracket figure Medium: Stone Location : On the east torana of the Great Stupa at Sanchi
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Lion Capital from Sarnath Date: c. 250 B.C.E Medium: Sandstone Location: Archaeological Museum, Sarnath, India
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CHAITYA HALL
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Chaitya hall at Karla. Date: 1st Century BCE to 1st Century CE Location: Maharashtra, India.
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Religions of India BUDHISTHINDU Central Figure: Buddha (Man, not a god) Central Figures: Shiva, Vishnu, Brahma, Laksmi, and Parvati (Polytheistic) Understanding of Life: Full of pain and suffering, reincarnation, aim to end reincarnation and achieve oneness with the supreme spirit. Understanding of Life: “the Religions of Hindustan (India)” Lead a good Life Through prayer, good deeds and religious devotion to break the cycle of Reincarnation. Mingling of Vedic beliefs, indigenous beliefs, local beliefs and practices Symbols: The Lion: Buddha’s Royalty The Wheel: Buddhist Law Lotus: Buddha’s pure nature. (Grows in swamps, mud slides off.) Columns surrounded by wheels: Buddha’s Teaching. Empty Throne: Buddha, or a reminder of his presence. Symbols: Sexualism and Human form. Earth (Fire, earth, Wind, Water) Human Behaviors, dancing. Multiple arms or Anthropomorphic images.
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ART OF SOUTHEAST ASIA Brunei Burma (Myanmar) Cambodia East Timor Indonesia Laos Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam
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Angkor Vat Date: 12th century Location: Angkor, Cambodia
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Battle Scene Medium: Detail of relief sculpture Location: Angkor Vat
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